| abstract |
(57) SUMMARY A copolymer comprising units of an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid monomer and units of an ethylene α-olefin macromer is disclosed. The macromer is a unit of ethylene and at least one α-olefin represented by the formula CH 2 CHCHR a , wherein Ra is a C 1 -C 18 linear alkyl group or a C 3 -C 18 branched alkyl group. Is an unsaturated ethylene α-olefin polymer, wherein the ethylene α-olefin polymer has a number average molecular weight from about 500 to about 100,000, and at least about 30% of the unsaturation in the ethylene α-olefin polymer is terminally terminated. It is vinylidene. The copolymer has a carbon-carbon backbone and contains succinic groups and hydrocarbyl groups. The copolymer can be derivatized by reaction with nucleophilic reactants, including monoamines, polyamines, monoalcohols, polyols, aminoalcohols, reactant metal compounds and mixtures thereof. The derivatized copolymer can be post-treated (eg, borated) with one or more post-treatment agents (eg, boric acid). The copolymers, derivatives thereof, and post-treated derivatives are useful as additives (eg, dispersants and viscosity index improvers) in fuels and lubricating oils. |