| abstract |
(57) Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a protective layer containing conductive particles that has a small residual potential upon repeated use, has little abrasion even in repeated use durability, and is not easily scratched, and its electron. An object of the present invention is to provide a process cartridge having a photographic photosensitive member and an electrophotographic apparatus. SOLUTION: In an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer and a protective layer on a conductive support, the protective layer has a hole transporting function having two or more chain polymerizable functional groups in the same molecule. An electrophotographic photosensitive member containing a resin and conductive particles, wherein the curable resin is cured by electron beam irradiation, a process cartridge having the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and an electrophotographic apparatus. |