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filingDate 1963-03-20-04:00^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date>
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publicationDate 1964-12-16-04:00^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date>
publicationNumber GB-978150-A
titleOfInvention Process for achieving a uniform condition of swelling of fibrous materials during thermal treatment
abstract A uniform condition of swelling in fibrous materials during a thermal treatment is achieved by carrying out the thermal treatment in a gas which does not attack the fibrous material and which contains a definite and constant amount of water vapour which is between 1 and 500 g/cu.m but does not contain any liquid water. The gas containing a definite water vapour content may be obtained by bringing a gas which does not attack the fibres, e.g. nitrogen, carbon dioxide, combustion gases or air, into intimate contact with water or aqueous solutions whose temperature is kept constant and providing a large surface of contact between the gas and liquid phases by spraying the water of aqueous solution in fine dispersion into the flowing gas or by bubble tray columns in which the gas is forced through one or more relatively small openings into the water or aqueous solution and during ascent through the liquid, the gas bubbles absorb water vapour. The saturation of the gas with the water vapour may be carried out at a constant temperature of between -20 DEG and +95 DEG C. Purified water, river water or industrial waste waters or mixtures of water with high boiling point substances, e.g. phosphoric or sulphuric acid, sodium sulphate, sodium chloride, sodium phosphate, sodium borate, calcium chloride, sodium acetate, glycols and polyglycols may be used. After the thermal treatment of the fibrous material it may be cooled in a gas having a temperature of 10-50 DEG C. and a constant water vapour content equivalent to a relative humidity of 65-95%. The treatment may be applied to the crease proofing of cotton and regenerated cellulose fabrics with heat curable aminoplasts, formaldehyde, dihydroxy ethyl sulphone, methylol compounds of glycols, triazinones, ethylene urea and its hydroxyl or alkoxyl derivatives, propylene urea and its derivatives or acetone in the presence of alkaline, acid or potentially acid condensation catalysts, to the thermo fixation of reactive dyes on fibres, e.g. cotton, and to the dimensional stabilization of synthetic fibres, e.g. cellulose triacetate, polyamide and polyester fibres.
isCitedBy http://rdf.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubchem/patent/US-4659333-A
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