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filingDate 1963-09-16-04:00^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date>
publicationDate 1964-09-23-04:00^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date>
publicationNumber GB-970849-A
titleOfInvention Plutonium oxide spheres and method of making
abstract 970, 849. Plutonium compounds; fuel elements. UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION. Sept. 16, 1963 [Oct. 5, 19621.No. 36318/63. Headings G6C and G6R. A method of forming spheres containing plutonium oxide and substantially free of contamination, comprises segregating particles containing plutonium oxide of a selected size range, injecting the particles into a high temperature plasma torch zone to heat the particles rapidly to a temperature above their melting point, passing the product through the zone and then through a gas zone, and capturing the product. In one example sintered plutonium oxide fillets are ground into small particles and segregated by screening into sizes varying from 35 mesh to 400 mesh. The particles are placed in a receptacle 24, Fig. 1, and pass through a tube 23 to a plasma zone 20 where they melt to form spheres of sizes ranging from 15 to 250 microns in diameter. The spheres cool in an air zone 29 and are captured in a beaker 30 which may contain water. The gas in the tube 11 may be argon and preferably includes 25% oxygen to prevent reduction of the plutonium oxide to lower oxides. The gas is heated by a coil 17 energized by a radiofrequency generator to form the plasma zone. In an alternative apparatus, Fig. 3 (not shown), suitable for producing smaller spheres of about 10 microns diameter, the particles are introduced through a side tube situated below the heating coil so that they pass into the lower end of the plasma zone, and a collecting flask abuts the lower end of the tube containing the plasma. In another example the desired product is a plutonium-bearing glass containing about 10% by weight of plutonium. Ground glass is mixed with plutonium oxide and melted, and then ground into fine particles before being fed to the plasma zone. Alternatively plutonium oxide is combined in a solid state solution with other oxides such as UO 2 , ZrO 2 or Y 2 0 3 ; for example the solution may contain 10-20% UO 2 and 90-80% Pu0 2 . The spheres may be used as fuel in a nuclear reactor or as alpha particle sources, and since they are free from loose contamination they may be handled in an open room without protective devices such as respirators.
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