| abstract |
A stable dispersion of a basic metal compound in an oil-soluble surface active agent is produced by hydrolysis of a metal halide which has been uniformly distributed through the surface-active agent. A homogeneous mass comprising the surface active agent, the metal halide, and a solvent may be treated to remove the solvent and then subjected to hydrolysis. Suitable halides are the chlorides of cadmium, calcium, strontium, barium, magnesium, or zinc; boric acid, phenol, formic acid, or acetic acid may be added to assist the hydrolysis. Many suitable surface active agents are listed; these include alkyl and alkaryl sulphonates, mahogany or petroleum soaps, tri- and pentavalent organic phosphorus acids, thiophosphorus acids, and their salts, phosphorus sulphide-treated olefins and their salts (e.g. as described in U.S.A. Specifications 2,316,080 and 2,516,119), metal soaps of naphthenic and higher fatty acids, non-ionic agents of the polyglycol type, and cationic agents of the amine or quaternary ammonium type. The salts and soaps are formed from alkali and alkaline earth metals. The solvent may be methanol, ethanol, a propanol, butanol, or pentanol, or water. In examples: (1) a solution of calcium chloride and boric acid in n-butanol is mixed with a refined hydrocarbon pale oil and a solution of polydodecylbenzene sulphonic acid in hexane; after heating to evaporate the butanol and hexane, steam is passed through the mixture at 200 DEG C. to effect the hydrolysis; (2) a solution of zinc chloride in methanol is mixed with sodium polydodecylbenzene sulphonate in oil, the methanol evaporated, and the product hydrolysed with water at 150 DEG C.; (3) an aqueous solution of barium chloride and formic acid is mixed with sodium polydodecylbenzene sulphonate in oil, the water evaporated, and the product hydrolysed with water at 150 DEG C.; (4) an aqueous solution of cadmium chloride and boric acid is mixed with calcium polydodecylbenzene sulphonate in oil, the water is evaporated, and the product hydrolysed with steam at 200 DEG C.; (5) a solution of magnesium chloride in ethanol is mixed with potassium polydodecylbenzene sulphonate in oil, the ethanol evaporated, and the product hydrolysed with steam at 200 DEG C. In each example the final product is centrifuged and yields a bright fluid dispersion in which the size of the dispersed inorganic particles is less than 1 micron. The dispersions may be added to lubricating compositions (e.g. a mineral lubricating oil containing a small amount of added phosphorus pentasulphide-treated wax olefin) as detergents and corrosion inhibitors. Specification 789,820 also is referred to. |