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filingDate 1968-10-02-04:00^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date>
publicationDate 1971-05-26-04:00^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date>
publicationNumber GB-1233599-A
abstract 1,233,599. Two - stage polymerization; polymodal ethylene polymers. MONSANTO CO. 2 Oct., 1968 [2 Oct., 1967], No. 46860/68. Addition to 1,182,651. Heading C3P. Ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons are polymerized in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) a compound of the formula where M is boron or a metal of Group II, III A or IV A , X is halogen, n is (valency of M - 1) and p is zero or one, and (b) a compound of a metal of Group I B , III B , IV B , V B , VI B , VII B or VIII, in two stages with hydrogen concentrations of 5 to 95% and 0 to 20% respectively, the polymer containing phase and the gaseous phase being separated between the stages. The polymer obtained is preferably a polymodal polymer of ethylene having at least two molecular weight modes as shown by gel permeation chromatography, the first mode having an Mw in the range 8000 to 80,000, an Mw/Mn of 1À5 to 8À0 and having at least one peak molecular weight in the range 3000 to 150,000, and the second mode having an Mw greater than 150,000 and a peak molecular weight of at least 75,000, said polymer having an Mw/Mn ratio greater than 5, a melt index ratio I 10 //I 2 in the range 12-200, and forming a smooth extrudate at sheer rates of 1 to 2 x 10<SP>-5</SP> second and, in the case of an ethylene homopolymer, having a density greater than 0À963 g./c.c. A flow diagram of an appropriate apparatus for the polymerization, including a pair of reactors, catalyst deactivation, polymer recovery and solvent recycling for continuous operation is given. In the examples, ethylene is homopolymerized (1-19, 25-28) or copolymerized to form ethylene-b-ethylene-co-hexene- 1 (20) and ethylene-co-propylene-b-ethylene (21) in hexane, CH 2 Cl 2 and/or CH 2 Br 2 in the presence of AlBr 2 .CH 2 .AlBr 2 /vanadyl chloride or fluoride, VCl 4 or n-C 4 H 9 O.TiCl 3 , in some instances 0 2 or t-C 4 H 9 OH also being present.
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Total number of triples: 48.