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filingDate 1961-06-12-04:00^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date>
publicationDate 1962-03-01-04:00^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date>
publicationNumber ES-268143-A1
titleOfInvention PROCEDURE FOR THE POLYMERATION OF VINYL MONOMERS
abstract Vinyl monomers are polymerized in aqueous medium in the absence of free radical catalysts and using as catalyst one or more water-stable metal compounds of metals of Group VIII. Specified monomers are butadiene, isoprene, chloroprene, styrene, vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, acrylates, vinyl ethers, acrolein and methacrolein. Catalysts disclosed are halides of Pd, Rh, Ir, Ru, Fe metal-olefin complexes such as rhodium cyclo-octadiene chloride, bis(cyclopentadienyl) rhodium, cobalt or nickel, palladium butadiene chloride, chlorocyclopentadienyl palladium chloride and cyclopentadiene palladium chloride bis(mesitylene) ruthenium halides, complexes of ruthenium halides with trialkyl or triaryl phosphorus iron butadiene carbonyl, iron nitroso halides, iron cyclopentadienyl carbonyl halides, cobalt silico fluoride, nickel oxide, cyanide and complexes thereof, hydronickel carbonyl, bis(acrylonitrile) nickel and ammonium palladium chloride. The catalyst may be formed in situ. Preferably the aqueous medium is free of oxygen, is purified by use of an ion-exchange resin, contains an emulsifying agent and/or alcohol, and is at constant pH. Variation of the temperature may be used to control the orientation of the products, which may range from solids (e.g. rubbery) to oils. In examples the products may be coagulated with MeOH or H2SO4 and NaCl, to give particles or crumbs which can be used in the production of tyres, belts, tubes, impregnating and coating compositions, and surfacing compositions for roads and walkways. Specifications 734,848 and 755,183 are referred to.
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