| abstract |
Provided are dietary supplement composition comprising one or both of L-theanine and a trace mineral complex, optionally In combination with bioactive peptides, in an amount or amounts individually or in combination effective to promote gut health. Further optional components include a fiber: oligosaccharide probiotic, a polyphenol prebiotic,and a polynucleotide or blend, Examples of benefits include one or more of : -- an Increase in the amount of total short-chain fatty acid production or of at least one of propionate, acetate and butyrate; -; an increase the expression or level of at least one tight junction protein (for example, claudin-1, claudin-3, claudin-4, occludin, or a zona occludens protein) or mucin-3 or decrease the expression or level of claudin-2 -an Increase In transepithelial electrical resistance; - an Increase in the abundance or diversify of a member or phylum of the Intestinal bacterial community: of the intestinal lumen or mucus area (for example, Firmicute, Bacteroidetes, Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, F, prausnitzii, or A. muciniphila); - an increase in the expression or level of at least one intestinal surface : area marker protein (for example, vlilin, myosin, cadherin or sucrase-isomaltase). Methods for uslng.such supplements are also disclosed. |