| abstract |
Disclosed is a multilayer hydrophilic coating (12), comprising: a base layer (14) comprising oxide particles (20), wherein a shape of an oxide particle (20) is a hollow, generally spherical shell; a topcoat layer (16) deposited on the base layer (14), wherein the topcoat layer (16) comprises a sol-gel; and a doping agent, wherein the doping agent is located within the topcoat layer (16), deposited on the topcoat layer (16), located between the base layer (14) and the topcoat layer (16), or combinations thereof. |