| abstract |
The present invention provides a sensor for detection of disease markers, and methods for detecting a disease marker, using a conductive hydrogel modified with a biorecognition element. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a sensor having a substrate; at least one electrode contacting the substrate; a nanoporous membrane covering the electrode; and a biorecognition element selected from the group consisting of a peptide, an antibody, an enzyme, and an aptamer, wherein the biorecognition clement is covalently bound to the electrode, or covalently bound to a PEDOT random copolymer embedded within the nanoporous membrane. |