| abstract |
Fluorescent dyes useful for detecting a target material in biological assays an electron donating moiety which is linked by a conjugated π-electron bridge to an electron accepting moiety. The π-electron bridge includes at least one carbocyclic ring structure or heterocyclic ring structure. The electron accepting moiety is a carboxylic acid, a salt of a carboxylic acid, or has the formula (I) wherein X8 is selected from the group consisting of H, CH3, and (CH2)n6-Z2-, where Z2- is a monovalent anion; and n6 is an integer from 1 through 10; and Q3 is O or S. |