| abstract |
In its many embodiments, the present invention provides tricyclic compounds of formula I (wherein J1-J3, X, Z, and R1-R4 are as defined herein) useful as metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonists, particularly as selective metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 antagonists, pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, and methods of treatment using the compounds and compositions to treat diseases associated with metabotropic glutamate receptor (e.g., mGluRI ) such as, for example, pain, migraine, anxiety, urinary incontinence and neurodegenerative diseases such Alzheimer's disease. |