| abstract |
A compound of formula (I): Each of R<SUB>1</SUB>, R<SUB>2</SUB>, R<SUB>3</SUB>, R<SUB>4</SUB>, R<SUB>4'</SUB>, R<SUB>5</SUB>, R<SUB>6</SUB>, R<SUB>7</SUB>, R<SUB>11</SUB>, R<SUB>12</SUB>, R<SUB>15</SUB>, R<SUB>16</SUB>, and R<SUB>17</SUB>, independently, is hydrogen, halo, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxy, amino, carboxyl, oxo, sulfonic acid, or alkyl that is optionally inserted with -NH-, -N(alkyl)-, -O-, -S-, -SO-, -SO<SUB>2</SUB>-, -O-SO<SUB>2</SUB>-, -SO<SUB>2</SUB>-O-, -SO<SUB>3</SUB>-O-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CO-NR'-, or -NR'-CO-; or R<SUB>3 </SUB>and R<SUB>4 </SUB>together, R<SUB>4 </SUB>and R<SUB>5 </SUB>together, R<SUB>5 </SUB>and R<SUB>6 </SUB>together, or R<SUB>6 </SUB>and R<SUB>7 </SUB>together are eliminated so that a C-C bond is formed between the carbons to which they are attached; each of R<SUB>8</SUB>, R<SUB>9</SUB>, R<SUB>10</SUB>, R<SUB>13</SUB>, and R<SUB>14</SUB>, independently, is hydrogen, halo, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, or amino; n is 0, 1, or 2; A is alkylene, alkenylene, or alkynylene; and each of X, Y, and Z, independently, is alkyl, haloalkyl, -OR', -SR', -NR'R'', -N(OR')R'', or -N(SR')R''; or X and Y together are -O, -S, or -NR'; wherein each of R' and R'', independently, is hydrogen, alkyl, or haloalkyl. |