| abstract |
Tin, lead or tin-lead alloy electroplating baths producing little or no foam during electroplating, even at conditions of high-speed plating using high current densities and/or vigorous bath circulation, are disclosed comprised of tin and/or lead salts of alkane sulfonic acids, free alkane sulfonic acid, brightening agent, a defoaming agent comprised of silicone and silica and/or a silicate in polypropylene glycol, a first nonionic surfactant consisting of an ethoxylated arylphenol and a second nonionic surfactant consisting of an ethoxylated short-chain alcohol. |