| abstract |
Peripherally administered insulin fails to provide liver hormone function. Hepatocyte directed vesicles with encapsulated insulin will restore liver function, but there is no non-targeted insulin to bypass the liver for peripheral use, as in natural, healthy body function. Whenever a prescribed dosage of insulin is divided between free and encapsulated hepatocyte targeted forms, a very small fraction of the dose in encapsulated form is sufficient to elicit full liver function, and non-targeted insulin supplies the needs of the body muscle and tissue. |