| abstract |
A process for the production of a lubricating oil additive concentrate comprises reacting at elevated temperature ncomponent (A) a calcium hydrocarbyl-substituted sulphonate, ncomponent (B) an alkaline earth metal base added either in a single addition or in a plurality of additions at intermediate points during the reaction, ncomponent (C) at least one compound which is (i) a polyhydric alcohol having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, (ii) a di- (C₃ or C₄) glycol, (iii) a tri- (C₂-C₄) glycol, (iv) a mono- or poly-alkylene glycol alkyl ether of the formula (I) nR(OR¹) x OR² (I) nwherein R is a C₁ to C₆ alkyl group, R¹ is an alkylene group, R² is hydrogen or a C₁ to C₆ alkyl group and x is an integer from 1 to 6, (v) a C₁ to C₂₀ monohydric alcohol, (vi) a C₁ to C₂₀ ketone, (vii) a C₁ to C₁₀ carboxylic acid ester, or (viii) a C₁ to C₂₀ ether, ncomponent (D) a lubricating oil, ncomponent (E) carbon dioxide added subsequent to the, or each, addition of component (B), ncomponent (F) a defined carboxylic acid or derivative, ncomponent (G) at least one compound which is (i) an inorganic halide or (ii) an ammonium alkanoate or a mono-, di-, tri-, or tetra-alkyl ammonium formate or alkanoate provided that, when component (G) is (ii), component (F) is not an acid chloride. |