| abstract |
An invented composition for promoting the adhesion of adhesives, coatings and/or composites to proteinaceous substrates is disclosed comprising a water-miscible solvent; and an unsaturated carboxylic acid of the general formula:n where R₁ is selected from CH=CH, C(CH₃)=C(CH₃), C(CH₃)=CH, CH₂CH₂, or CH₂CH₂CH₂; and R₂ is selected from a terminally mono-, di-, tri-, or multi-unsaturated group. Methods of making the compound and methods of its use are also disclosed. |