| abstract |
1. The use pf polycarboxylic acids and salts thereof corresponding to the general formula (I) [X]-(NHOC-Y-COO M)n in which X is the residue of a hydrophobic, optionally branched vinyl oligomer having an average molar weight ~Mn of 200 to 5000, Y represents the 1,2-vinylene, 1,2-ethylene, 1,3-propylene, 1,2-phenylene, 1,2-cyclohexen-4-ylene or 1,2-cyclohexylene group, n is a number of 1.4 to 3.0, M is hydrogen, an alkyli metal, an ammonium, C1-4 alkylammonium or C2-3 hydroxyalkyl ammonium group, as surfactants and emulsifiers in aqueous systems. |