| abstract |
methodnfor chemical pretreatment of metal surfaces, which are at least partially made ofnsteel surfacesnexist before an organic coating, taking the metal structuresnwith a phosphating solutionncontacting the 0.3 to 3 g / l Zn (II) ions, 5 to 40 g / lnPhosphate ions and one or more titanium and / or zirconium compoundsncontains in such an amountnthat the total content of Ti and / or Zr ranges from 1 to 1000nmg / l. isnthe total content of Ti and / or Zr can be at least 10 mg / lna passivating rinsento be dispensed with. additionallynexisting surfacesnAluminum is not phosphated, but in the phosphating solution ornin a passivating aftertreatment with a Ti and / or Zr-containingnConversion layer coated. |