| abstract |
The invention provides compositions comprising a base oil or base oil, 10 to 50% by weight of etherpyrrolidonecarboxylic acids of the formula (1) or salts thereof of the formula (1) wherein R 1 is C 8 -C 30 -alkyl, C 8 -C 30 -alkenyl, C 6 -C 30 -aryl, C 7 -C 30 -alkylaryl, M is hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium, XC 2 -C 6 -alkylene, or a poly (oxyalkylene) group of the formula (2) wherein I is a number from 1 to 50, m, n independently of I and each other is a number from 0 to 50, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 independently of one another hydrogen, CH 3 or CH 2 CH 3 , Y is C 2 -C 6 -alkylene, and a pH regulator / neutralizer in an amount such that a 5% by weight emulsion of the composition in DI water has a pH between 7 and 11. |