| abstract |
The present invention relates to toner, developer, toner cartridge, handle box, image forming apparatus and methods.The tone agent for developing electrostatic charge image has 2.0 to the 2.8 surface nature index value indicated by formula S, the tone agent for developing electrostatic charge image has the surface nature index value indicated by formula S greater than 2.8 and 3.5, and the tone agent for developing electrostatic charge image have greater than 1.0 and the surface nature index value indicated by formula S less than 2.0 and 0.70 to 1.3 the specific surface area calculated value in formula S: (surface nature index value)=(specific area measuring value)/(specific surface area calculated value) formula S is wherein, (specific surface area calculated value)=(by the sum of the calculated surface area of equivalent circle diameter of 4500 toner particles in the analysis of streaming particle image)/(specific gravity of toner) × (by 4500 toner particles in the analysis of streaming particle image The sum of the calculated volume of equivalent circle diameter). |