| abstract |
The present invention generally relates to the fields of oncology, virology and immunotherapy. More specifically replicative attenuated vaccinia virus with deletion of thymidine kinase (VC - TK-) and with and without expression of human Flt3L or GM-CSF, as oncolytic and immunotherapy. The above poxviruses can also be used in combination with immune checkpoint blockade. The above-mentioned poxviruses can also be inactivated by heat or UV treatment, and the inactivated virus can be used as immunotherapy alone or in combination with immune checkpoint blockers. |