| abstract |
A method and system for managing a battery pack system. The method includes receiving at least one measured characteristic of the battery from at least one sensor over a predefined time frame, receiving at least one estimated characteristic of the battery from an electrochemical-based battery model based on differential algebraic equations, based on at least one measured characteristic and at least one estimated characteristic to determine a rolling time-domain estimated cost function, to update the electrochemical-based battery model based on the cost function, to estimate at least one battery by applying the electrochemical-based battery model at least one state of the battery, and at least one of charging or discharging of the battery is adjusted based on the estimate of the at least one state of the at least one battery cell. |