| abstract |
A novel method is provided for delivering nucleic acid molecules through and/or to the skin of mammals by needle-free injection. The method involves the incorporation of formulated nucleic acid molecules with devices for injecting the molecules by air, fluid and/or mechanical pressure. Disclosed are compositions and methods for enhancing the administration to and uptake of nucleic acids in a mammal. The methods disclosed provide an increased immune response by allowing the uptake of formulated nucleic acid molecules by a wide variety of cell types simultaneously. Also disclosed are examples which demonstrate that the combination of formulated nucleic acid molecules and needle-free injection methods results in immune responses which are superior to those obtained by conventional means of delivery. Methods for delivery, as well as methods for formulating nucleic acid molecules with various compounds, such as cationic complexing agents, polymeric and non-polymeric formulations, protective, interactive, non-condensing systems are also disclosed. |