| abstract |
The present invention is directed to a dispersant additive comprising at least one adduct of (A) a polyolefin of 300 to 10,000 number average molecular weight substituted with at least 0.3 (e.g., from about 1 to 4) dicarboxylic acid producing moieties (preferably acid or anhydride moieties) per polyolefin molecule, (B) an amido-amine or thioamido-amine characterized by being a reaction product of at least a polyamine and an alpha, beta-unsaturated compound of the formula: wherein X is sulfur or oxygen, Y is -OR4, -SR4, or -NR4 (R5), and R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are the same or different and are hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl. |