| abstract |
The process provides a compound of formula (1.3.0) in which R < 1 > The process involves the formation of a reaction mixture consisting of: and in an aprotic solvent in the presence of NaOH or KOH, optionally in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, in particular a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salt, followed by heating the reaction mixture under a nitrogen atmosphere. In a preferred embodiment, the aprotic solvent is DMSO, the strong solid base is NaOH in powder or pellets, and the phase transfer catalyst is tetra-n-butylammonium chloride (TCAC). The starting material of Formula (2.0.0) is prepared by reacting together in a solvent consisting of a straight or branched chain aliphatic alcohol in the presence of a strong base consisting of NaOH or KOH in the presence of a transition metal catalyst containing palladium metal complex, and the subsequent presence of an auxiliary ligand consisting of a bidentate chiral auxiliary asymmetric aromatic compound of formula or |