http://rdf.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubchem/author/MD5_97986cd5c8f263e3b03a10623efe8631
Outgoing Links
Predicate | Object |
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family-name | Liu Bo Liu |
name | Bo Liu |
given-name | Bo |
organization-name | School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China;; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, China. Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China Department of Cardiology Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bi-functional Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing; P. R. China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Weihai Municipal Hospital Weihai China China Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation Thoracic Surgery Department, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Chazhong Road 20#, Fuzhou City, 350005, PR China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China. Department of Ultrasound Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yunnan Normal University Kunming 650050 P. R. China Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan †Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; and Institute of Unconventional Oil and Gas, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale Department of Applied Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China Laboratory of Functional Molecular and Materials, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, PR China Division of Peripheral Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53705 University of Arkansas Department of Plant Pathology, , Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Zhongguancun Southern Street 12 100081 Beijing China Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Department of Spinal Surgery, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China. School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study Hangzhou 310024 China; CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 555 Zuchongzhi Road Pudong Shanghai 201203 China Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China, and Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China Department of Radiology, Baptist Hospital of Miami, FL Deapartment of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China. The Third Affiliated Hospital, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar City, PR China. State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, China Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, and Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 Agricultural Bio-resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fujian 350003, China 1Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bio-resource, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325005, People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, and U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Science, Environmental Quality Laboratory, Building 007, Room 225, BARC-W, Beltsville, Maryland 20705 School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States Department of Bioengineering and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Institute of Mechanobiology and Medical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Putuo, Shanghai 200065, China Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China. Liubodentist@sina.com Department of Radiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China Hainan Institute, Yazhou Bay Sci‐Tech City Zhejiang University Sanya 572025 China; National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Advanced Seed Institute Zhejiang University Hangzhou 311225 China Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China; Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei 230031, P. R. China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryStanford School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA Department of Physics and Applied Physics Medical Physics Program University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA USA Timothy Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles; Lawrence Recht, Stanford Cancer Center, Stanford; Carlos Bais, Thomas Sandmann, Jean-Marie Bruey, Hartmut Koeppen, Bo Liu, Wendy Verret, See-Chun Phan, and David S. Shames, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA; Tom Mikkelsen, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI; Gaetano Finocchiaro, Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan; Alba A. Brandes, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Institute of Neurologic... School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China; Stage Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China 5Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China (Z.L, H.L., Y.H., B.L., K.M., J.F., Y.Z., W.K., X.W.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China (J.X.); Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China (J.Z.); Department of Epidemiology and... School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798; Singapore; Environmental Process Modeling Center Department of General, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan, Zhengzhou, China School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300350; China Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China From the Departments of Radiology (B.L., M.O., M.F., J.L., M.K., J.B., F.C., A.L., T.J.W.) and Biostatistics (J.P.), Florida Hospital, 601 E Rollins St, Orlando, FL 32803. Department of Burns & plastic Surgery, 159th Hospital of PLA, Zhumadian, China Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China. Computation Institute University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory Chicago IL USA Department of Radiology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure; Tongji University; Shanghai, P. R. China Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess College of Life Science and Technology Beijing, University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China School of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China Department of Stomatology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China. Department of Bone Metabolism, School of Stomatology Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China. School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650050, China Department of Medical Entomology, Vector Biology Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health Shandong Province, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong 272033, People’s Republic of China Center for Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computing, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001, China State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials; College of Physics; Jilin University; Changchun; People's Republic of China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology Baotou Medical College/The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China State Key laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China Department of Infection Management, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China Department of General Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, California, USA;, Image Processing Center Beihang University Beijing China Department of Biochemistry and Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038 Beijing Micro-Helix Gene Technology Co., Ltd; Beijing 100088; China Human Sperm Bank West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children (Sichuan University) Ministry of Education Chengdu China The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; and; Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry; College of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore; Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre National University of Singapore 6 Science Drive 2 117546 Singapore School of Health Management Harbin Medical University Harbin China Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center, for Advanced Materials (SICAM) No. 5 Xin Mofan Road Nanjing 210009 P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University No.5 Xin Mofan Road Nanjing 210009 P.R. China; College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University No. 5 Xin Mofan Road Nanjing 210009 P.R. China School of Information Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology. Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.; Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA. MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology and the Center for Biomedical Inventions, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390-8573 School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Hebei Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital Shijiazhuang China Department of Rheumatism Immunology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China Citrus Huanglongbing Research Center, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China. Department of Biomedical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian Liaoning 116024 People's Republic of China Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L. Pettis Memorial Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Loma Linda, California;; Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hosptial, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China. School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), 55 Neihuanxi Road, Guangzhou 510006, China Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. Division of Plant Science and Technology, Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Detection of Atmosphere and Ocean, Nanjing 210044, China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. boxueyu_liu@hotmail.com Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Efficient Development, Ministry of Education, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, PR China Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Department of Respiratory Medicine, Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine Research, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563003, China. School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology No 1 Kerui Road Suzhou 215009 Jiangsu Province China; State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Micro-system and Information Technology, CAS 865 Changning Road Shanghai 200050 China Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (mainland) Peking University People's Hospital, China National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan, and Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan Department of Urology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Wuhan - China Department of Radiology, Children\'s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China | Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China | National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China | China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China | Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China Department of Ecology College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.; Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China. MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany. Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian China Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an710021, Shaanxi, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an710021, Shaanxi, China Xingtai People’s Hospital , Xingtai 054001 , Hebei , China Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, The First Hospital of Jilin University, College of Veterinary Medicine and College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Bone Metabolism, School of Stomatology Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China (WF, BL, DL, WW, XH, JC, ML); Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine(TH, NA) and Department of Advanced Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan (Y); Division of Biochemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan (KO) National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, the 9th People Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200011, China. Zhonghao Chenguang Chemical Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Zigong 643201, P R China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China Division of Vascular Surgery, New York Hospital and Cornell University Medical Center, New York 10021; and College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China; University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Hefei 230026 China College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University Shenyang China Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China Institute of Cell Signalling (B.L., S.J.H.), University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou No.8 People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510060, China. Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Capital Medical University; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, China (W.S., H.W., B.L., D.D., Z.J.) Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA. bliu@ucdavis.edu. All authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Clinical Laboratory, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China Department of Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, D-28359 Bremen, Germany; State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China Department of Radiology Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100176, China Laboratory of Developmental Cell Biology and Disease School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang China Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, China Department of Radiology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 1 Spectrix Analytical Services, LLC, 410 Sackett Point Road, Bldg 20, North Haven, Connecticut 06473, United States Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China Institute for Integrative Nanosciences IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20 01069 Dresden Germany; Material Systems for Nanoelectronics Chemnitz University of Technology Reichenhainer Str. 70 09107 Chemnitz Germany Dalian University of Technology School of Biomedical Engineering Dalian China Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Gui Yang, China 3Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China Guangzhou nBiomed Ltd., Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometriscs and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei; P. R. China Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia; NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia; Nutrition and Metabolism Theme South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, 100069 Beijing, China;; Department of Pathology, Capital Medical University, 100069 Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou Province, China Department of Physiology, Peking University Health Center. Jingzhou Mental Health Center Jingzhou China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Han zhong, 723001, P. R. China Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616 College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Email: trliubo@139.com. Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,1 and Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, Dresden 01069, Germany Department of Pediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agricultural Bio-resources Institute, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, PR China The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China †Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, United States State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China Institute of Equipment Technology, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 10029, China; School of Medical Artificial Intelligence, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003 Shandong, China College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P. R. China Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology & UF Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610 Contribution from the Division of Translational Research, Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Union Hospital of Tongji Medical college of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology No.92 West‐Da Zhi Street Harbin 150001 P. R. China Department of Urology General Hospital of the Central Theater Command Wuhan China Biomolecular and Organic Electronics IFM, and Center of Organic Electronics Linköping University SE‐581 83 Linköping Sweden Institute for Integrative Nanosciences Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden Helmholtz Strasse 20 Dresden 01069 Germany; Materials Systems for Nanoelectronics Chemnitz University of Technology Reichenhainer Strasse 70 Chemnitz 09107 Germany Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu610031, P. R. China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, China Institute of Photo-biophysics; School of Physics and Electronics; Henan University; Kaifeng 475004; China Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China. Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA Research and Development Centre of Food Proteins, School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The No. 4 Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics–Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory; Department of Biomedical Engineering; College of Life Science and Technology; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430074, P. R. China Department of Laboratory Medicine, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P.R. China; Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, New York, New York, USA Department of General Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing 400010, China Department of Dermatology and Venerology Peking University First Hospital Beijing China; Beijing Key Laboratory of molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses Beijing China; National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases Beijing China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics Beijing China Graphene Research Centre and Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 6 Science Drive 2 Singapore 117546 Singapore Department of Molecular Nutrition; College of Food Science and Engineering; Central South University of Forestry and Technology; Changsha; PR China Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, People’s Republic of China Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Linfen People’s Hospital, Orthopedics Department, Linfen, Shanxi 041000, China Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, China (B.L.). Institute of Optics and Electronics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Research & Development, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China Department of Oncology Tongji Hospital Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei Province China Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Biology and Center for Biomedical Inventions, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390 College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China. Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, China; Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Department of Burns and Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China Simcyp Limited (a Certara Company), Sheffield S2 4SU, United Kingdom NewFields Environmental Forensics Practice, LLC, 100 Ledgewood Place, Suite 300, Rockland, Massachusetts 02370, and Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, LLC, 5120 North Shore Drive, North Little Rock, Arkansas 72118 Department of Ultrasound People's Hospital of Dongxihu District Wuhan Hubei China College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. Agricultural Bio-resource Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, PR China Pharmacodynamic and Toxicological Evaluation Center, Jilin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China Beckman Institute and Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering; Hunan University of Arts and Science; Changde; China Image Processing Center Beihang University Beijing People's Republic of China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang University Beijing People's Republic of China College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (L.W., X.B., B.L., Y.Z., N.W., W.K., X.W.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (L.W., X.B., B.L., Y.Z., N.W., W.K., X.W.), Ministry of Education, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Department of Cell... Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Shenzhen , China Hospital & Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District 100853 Beijing China Department of Respiratory Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 Agrobiological Resource Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, P.R. China. Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics – Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland) Tianjin Hydraulic Research Institute, No. 60, Friendship Rd, Hexi District, Tianjin, China Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Box 1603 New York NY 10029 USA Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China. Department of Animal and Poultry Science College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan 51 Campus Drive Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8 Canada Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China, Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, and Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720-1460 Division of Respiratory Medicine; The University of Nottingham; Nottingham United Kingdom Department of Geriatrics, Department of General Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha; P. R. China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong, P. R. China Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China; Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province Shijiazhuang China State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition; Research Centre for Analytical Sciences; College of Chemistry; Nankai University Guanggu Fangcang Shelter Hospital Wuhan China The Key Lab of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety of the MOE; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology of Education Ministry of China Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Knollstrasse, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People’s Republic of China Public Health Emergency Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing University of Oxford Department of Chemistry, , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA Agricultural Bioresources Research Institute Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Fuzhou China Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China The Air Force Hospital of Central Theater of PLA Datong China Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China Dept. of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China. State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China Jingzhou Mental Health Center, Jingzhou, Hubei, China College of Mathematics and Physics, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, China Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 400037 Chongqing, China Beijing Institute of Biotechnology; Beijing 100071; China Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University 3 , Beijing 100005, China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. jakebo@163.net Chongqing Yizheng North County Real Estate Development Company Limited, Chongqing 401147, China. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou China; School of Nursing Southwest Medical University Luzhou China Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS USA Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China;; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China;; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of New Products for Geriatrics Hubei Province, Wuhan, China Department of Neurosurgery, Tumor Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (XJMU), Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics─Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China Department of Gastroenterology/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics/Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China. Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, China Department of Infection Diseases, the 901th Hospital of PLA,Hefei 230031,China. Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai 054001, Hebei, China School of Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China. ppic9k@msn.com Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Nanopathology College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural University No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China Department of Gastroenterology and endoscopy, Xiangyang No. 1 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei 441000, China Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center; Department of Pediatrics, and From the Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison (J.R., T.Z., V.S.S.P., N.P., Q.W., K.G., Z.L., B.L.) Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital,Beijing, China Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (163 Hospital of PLA), Changsha, P.R. China Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan 430050, China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube (Yan’an University), Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi, China Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China Qingdao Hospital of TCM/Municipal Hiser Hospital, Qingdao 266033, Shandong Province, China. Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 College of Fisheries and Life Science Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai China; Quality and Standards Research Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Beijing China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety Control Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University No. 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu Sichuan 610064 P. R. China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 P. R. China School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China Department of Orthopedics, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated with Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark Key laboratory of Leather Chemistry and engineering, Ministry of Education and College of Light Industry, Textile & Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, PR China Contribution from the Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX13QZ Oxford, United Kingdom, Sanofi-Aventis, Centre de Recherche de Paris, 13 quai Jules Guesde, BP14, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France, and Chemistry Department, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA United Kingdom Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Rd., Chengdu Sichuan 610064 China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China Chinese Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050 for the ANGEL-ASPECT Study Group Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology of College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China. Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China; Central South Food Science Institute of Grain and Oil Co., Ltd., Hunan Grain Group Co., Ltd, Changsha, China School of Software Engineering Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China; School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences Massey University Palmerston North 4472 New Zealand Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen Shenzhen P. R. China Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, School of Food and Biotechnology, Xihua University, 610039 Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.; Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, School of Food and Biotechnology, Xihua University, 610039 Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China. Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Peking University First Hospital Beijing China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses Beijing China; National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases Beijing China Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China South China Agricultural University Guangzhou Guangdong China Institute of Optics and Electronics; Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Computer Science and Technology, Center for Bioinformatics Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China Department of Hand Surgery, The Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, China Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; and Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery The Central Hospital of Dazhou Dazhou Sichuan China 1Agricultural Bio-resources Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, PR China Authors' Affiliations: 1Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education and the Affiliated Hospitals; 2Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University; 3Department of Dermatology, Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; 4Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois; and 5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Huaxi Hospital Affiliated with Sichuan University School of Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Authors' Affiliations: 1Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education and the Affiliated Hospitals; 2Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University; 3Department of Dermatology, Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; 4Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois; and 5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Huaxi Hospital Affiliated with Sichuan University School of Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China. lwmx@foxmail.com Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenzhen China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 Center for Synthetic Soft Materials, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, People’s Republic of China Department of Cosmetic Dermatology, Medical School of Eastern Liaoning University, Dandong 118000, Liaoning, P.R. China.; Department of Cosmetic Dermatology, Medical School of Eastern Liaoning University, Dandong 118000, Liaoning, P.R. China. Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, People’s Republic of China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology & Zibo City Engineering Technology Research Center of Etiology Molecular Diagnosis, Zibo, People’s Republic of China; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, People’s Republic of China Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, Canada Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Guangzhou 510006, China National Institutes for Food and Drug Control Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China *Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45220; Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing, China Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University 4 , No. 20, East Road of Nan Er Huan, Shijiazhuang 050024, People’s Republic of China From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, and the Departments of Agricultural Bio-resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, PR China Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States Center for Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy Chengdu 610041 China Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, P. R. China Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China. School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, No. 3 Shangyuancun Haidian District, Beijing, 100044, P. R. China Central South University Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Guangzhou 510006; P. R. China Faculty of Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China School of Health Care and Management Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province China Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, 161000, China State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials; Jilin University; Changchun 130012, P. R. China Department of Osteonecrosis and Hip Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland) Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China. MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 P. R. China Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, No. 3, Gaobeidian North Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China 100123 Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, PR China School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, China Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Physical Science and Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 P. R. China Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China Key Lab for Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Guangdong 518061, China Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China. Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA. The Second Clinical Medical College; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006; China Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths, Baotou 014030, China Department of Cardiology Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital Xi'an P. R. China From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.D., L.W., B.L., Y.Z., Y.Q., C.T., W.K., X.W.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Nephrology (Y.W.), Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Department of Cell Biology (Q.T., C.-j.L.), New York... Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute; Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Fuzhou Fujian People's Republic of China Department of Orthopaedics, Chongqing High-tech Zone People's Hospital, Chongqing School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongii Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China. Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, China; Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, China Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Robotic Orthopaedics, Beijing, People's Republic of China. 1Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.; 3Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Department of Dermatology and Venerology Peking University First Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics Beijing China Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California 92121, United States Guangzhou nBiomed Ltd, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China Department of General Surgery, Lingnan Hospital, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510530, China; Email: jakeliubo@gmail.com. Department of Spine Surgery Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Public Health Emergency Center and The First affiliated hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China 1Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of General Surgery, Lingnan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Binzhou Medical University Hospital Binzhou China Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Guangzhou; P. R. China College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fujian, 350002 , China Image Processing Centre, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China State Key Laboratory for the Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100193, China The First Affiliated HospitalGuangxi Medical University, Nanning, China Department of Thoracic Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian China Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Lin'an District, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang, China. School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany Division of Pediatric Surgery,Stanford University School of Medicine,Stanford,CA Department of Radiation Oncology, District Hospital of Changzhi city, Shanxi Agricultural Genomic Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, P.R. China Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology, Zibo City Engineering Technology Research Center of Etiology Molecular Diagnosis, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, China Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology China Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Pidu District People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Clinical Microbiology Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology Zibo City Engineering Technology Research Center of Etiology Molecular Zibo Municipal Hospital Zibo China Section for Science of Complex Systems, CeMSIIS, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria Agricultural Bio-resource Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350003, PR China State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 102629 , P.R. China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Utilization Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Beijing 100081 China From the Department of Psychiatry (Y.T., N.M., J.P., C.L., J.K.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown; The Third Teaching Hospital (F.Z., L.L., Z.L., F.L.), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan; Department of Radiology (B.L., J.C.), Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Center for Complementary and Integrative Medicine (C.W.), Division of Rheumatology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA; Traditional Chinese... School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China. Department of Neurosurgery Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China Department of Orthopaedics, People’s Hospital of Leshan, 238 Baita Road, Leshan 614000, Sichuan, China; Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics – Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory; Department of Biomedical Engineering; College of Life Science and Technology; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430074, P. R. China The First Affiliated Hospital and the Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University 1 , Chongqing 400016 , China; Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center 2 , Chicago, IL 60637 , USA Department of General Surgery The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha 410011 P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China; Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education Department of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University Changchun 130025 China Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM), 3 Science Drive 3 117543, Singapore; Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), NTU, 21 Nanyang Link 637371, Singapore State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engneering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P.R. China 1 Department of Computer Science, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX USA, 2 Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD USA, 3 Department of Bioengineering, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA and 4 Department of Computer Science, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan, and Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan Department of Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens , Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100176, China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 110730, China Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China UMR 6226 Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1-CNRS, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Department of General Surgery Xiangya 2nd Hospital of Central South University Changsha China Pfizer Global Research and Development-La Jolla, 10777 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121-1111 State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. boxueyu_liu@hotmail.com Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices School of Materials Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou Jiangsu 215009 China Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (L.W., Y.D., Y.H., J.L., B.L., Y.Z., Y.G., W.K., X.W.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Cell Biology (C.-j.L.), New York University School of Medicine; and Cardiovascular... Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital and Postdoctoral Mobile Research Station of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 111 Da De Lu, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510120, China Laboratory of Functional Molecules and Materials School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shandong University of Technology Xincun West Road 266 Zibo 255000 China Department of Spine Surgery Peking University Fourth School of Clinical Medicine Beijing China; Department of Spine Surgery Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Robotic Orthopaedics Beijing China School of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China Department of Orthopedics The Third Hospital of Shi Jiazhuang Shijiazhuang Hebei Province China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China School of Pharmacy; Qingdao University; Qingdao 266071; China Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, P. R. China Key Lab of Natural Pesticides & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pesticide Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510642 Department of Dermatology and Venerology Peking University First Hospital Beijing China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses Beijing China; National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases Beijing China Southwest Petroleum University, China Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100088, China; Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100083, China Dept. of Computer Science, Stanford National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, 230029, Hefei, China Department of Spinal Surgery Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University Beijing China School of Food Science & Engineering Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan China Department of Spinal Surgery, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing100035, China. liubowto@sohu.com School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459;; Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459; Department of Cardiology; Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University; Shanghai China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian P. R. China Metabolic Disease Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-6098 Department of Cardiac Surgery; the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang P.R. China Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, California 92121, United States State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China Department of Urology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders Chongqing China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; China Medical University; Shenyang Liaoning China Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, New York, NY, USA Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038 Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore Peking University Health Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China. Department of Chemistry; Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM); National University of Singapore; Singapore 117543; Singapore Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Department of Cadre's Wards Ultrasound Diagnostics,Ultrasound Diagnostic Center The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin China Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, PO Box 190, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China Laboratory of Developmental Cell Biology and Disease, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325003, China Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China Agricultural Bio-Resource Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China Agricultural Bioresource Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, University of Shandong, Jinan 250100, China. ertrdfgg@126.com Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials Ministry of Education Jilin Normal University Changchun 130103 China College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes; Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong; Institute of Molecular and Nano Science Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China Department of Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang Jiangsu Province 222002, China Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.; Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, China. The First Affiliated Hospital Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Jingzhou Mental Health Center; Jingzhou; Hubei; P. R. China Section of Plant Biology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616 Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Efficient Development; Ministry of Education; Northeast Petroleum University; Daqing 163318; China Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China College of Animal Science Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot China University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 72701 Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People’s Republic of China; Department of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, People’s Republic of China Research and Development Centre of Food Proteins, School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300350; China Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders Department of Gastroenterology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China Department of Chemical Research and Structural Optimization based on Chinese Material Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China;; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Ministry of Education), Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures and Laboratory of Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education College of Aerospace Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 4 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences & National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100049, China, Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, and Faculty of Engineering & Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center, University of Georgia, Athens,... Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute (SITRI) , Shanghai 201800 , China; Shanghai Si-Gene Biotech Co., Ltd , Shanghai 201800 , China; School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University , Shanghai 201800 , China Laboratory of Dynamic Immunobiology, Institute for Immunology, Beijing, China. Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. Metabolic Disease Research, Drug Metabolism, Advanced Technology, Exploratory Pharmacokinetics, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-6101 Dept of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Linzi District People's Hospital, Zibo, China. China Building Materials Academy Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, P. R. China Department of Orthopedics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China. Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren’ ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials; College of Physics; Jilin University; Changchun 130012; People's Republic of China Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China. Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050031, China Department of Spine Surgery Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Robotic Orthopaedics Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Plant Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China (T.M., L.J., H.L., M.Y.); and Section of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (B.L.) Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China College of Life Science Ningde normal Univ. Ningde 352101 P. R. China Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616 Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery(Capital Medical University),Ministry of Education. Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryStanford School of MedicineStanford, CAUSA Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China Department of Emergency Medicine Beijing Chao‐Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China Department of Chemistry; School of Science; Beijing Jiaotong University; Beijing, China Center of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China. Division of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195‐2120 USA Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly‐coupled Quantum Matter Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China Erguna Forest‐Steppe Ecotone Research Station Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Peopleʼs Republic of China Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering Ministry of Education and College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China National Chengdu Institute of Sports Injury, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Space Power‐Sources Harbin Institute of Technology No.92 West‐Da Zhi Street Harbin 150001 China Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Breast Surgery, Burn and Plastic Surgery, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China Department of Chemistry Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland) Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P. R. China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Metabolic Unit, King’s College London School of Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom, and Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London, United Kingdom Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, P.R. China; Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, P.R. China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Medical Image and Knowledge Graph Shanghai China; Hangzhou YITU Healthcare Technology Co., Ltd. Hangzhou China Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia; NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia; Lifelong Health Theme South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia College of Material Science and Art Design; Inner Mongolia Agricultural University; Hohhot; P. R. China Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Lab of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China; Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China. boxueyu_liu@hotmail.com Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital China Medical University Shenyang 110004 China Capital Medical University Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, , Beijing, China State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University No.5 Xin Mofan Road Nanjing 210009 P. R. China College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China Department of Medical Cosmetology, Eastern Liaoning University, Dandong, Liaoning 118003, P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 116023 Dalian China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing China College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China Institute of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Lanzhou Medical College, Lanzhou 730030, China. liuo1970@sina.com Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology Kunming China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology Kunming China Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 5117 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 WuXi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital, Beijing, China Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China. Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Fengtai, Beijing, China School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China; Shanghai Industrial Technology Research Institute, Shanghai 201800, China Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China Laboratory of Functional Molecules and Materials, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials; Jilin University; Changchun 130012; P. R. China College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University, 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, 361021 Fujian, P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of the Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu; China State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun, China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University Jinan, China. Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry; Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Northwest University ZhuHai City Polytechnic, Zhuhai 519000, China Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China College of Chemistry & Pharmacy; Northwest A&F University; Yangling 712100; P. R. China State Key Lab of Organic–Inorganic Composites and College of Chemical Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029; China Department of Spinal Surgery Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials College of Physics Jilin University Changchun 130012 China Chinese Academy of Science Center for Oral Biology, Department of Biomedical Genetics, Abs Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA Office of Disease Control and Emergency Response, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China. Department of Function, Zhengzhou Orthopedics Hospital, Zhengzhou, China Image Processing Centre Beihang University Beijing People's Republic of China Department of Genetics Development and Cell Biology Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA a State Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Engineering , School of Light Industry and Food, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , 510640 , Guangdong , China Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China, and Department of Chemistry, Jiangsu Institute of Education, Nanjing 210013, PR China Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic of China Pfizer Global Research and Development-La Jolla/Agouron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10777 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121-1111 School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, PR China Section of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616 Department of Microorganism Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China; Key Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology of Ministry of Public Security, Jinzhong 030600, China School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Guangzhou China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry Guangzhou China Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA. Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China Henan University Institute of Photo-Biophysics, Physics and Electronics Department, , 475004 Kaifeng, China Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. trliubo@139.com Department of Radiology, The Affiliated YanAn Hospital of KunMing Medical University, Kunming, China. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China Beijing Computational Science Research Center From Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison. Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, 100044 Beijing, China Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China Musculoskeletal Disease Center Jerry L Pettis VA Medical Center Loma Linda California; Department of Orthopedics The 3rd Xiangya Hosptial Central South University Changsha Hunan China; Departments of Medicine Loma Linda University Loma Linda California The Department of Cardiac, Xin Hua Affiliated Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R.China. Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022; China Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China Department of Laboratory No. 967 Hospital of PLA Dalian People's Republic of China Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China Department of Chemical Research and Structural Optimization based on Chinese Material Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China School of Medicine Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China Thoracic Surgery Department, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, People's Republic of China. Department of Biological Treatment Center, 105th Hospital of PLA, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China Beijing Hydrological Station, Beijing 100081, China. Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, the fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, China Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenzhen China Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Spintronics Materials Devices and Systems of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 311305 China Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Department of Thoracic Surgery Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital Guiyang China The Key Lab of Analysis Technology for Food Safety of the MOE, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China Department of Urology Central Theater Command General Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army Wuhan Hubei China Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Nanopathology; College of Veterinary Medicine; China Agricultural University; Beijing 100193; P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Micro-system and Information Technology, CAS 865 Changning Road Shanghai 200050 P. R. China Endocrinology department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002. Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410008 Hunan P.R. China School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry, And Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China Jingzhou Mental Health Center, Jingzhou, China State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials Jilin University Changchun 130012 China State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P.R. China Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education and the Affiliated Hospitals, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China Department of Osteonecrosis and Hip Surgery the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Biomechanics of Hebei Province, the Third Hospital to Hebei Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Institution of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China. Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA Section of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (M.L.P., Y.-R.J.L., D.P.D., B.L.); and Department of Biological Sciences and Purdue Motility Group, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907–2064 (D.R.K., C.J.S.) Magnetic Resonance Imaging Room, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China Department of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China Department of Spine Surgery Weihai Municipal Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Weihai 264200 China Viral Vaccines Research and Development Department 2, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., LTD , Wuhan , 430207 , China; National Engineering Technology Research Center of Combination Vaccines, China National Biotec Group , Wuhan , 430207 , China Department of Plant Biology University of California Davis CA 95616 USA School of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan 250200; China; Institute of Materia Medica Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China and Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459 College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People’s Republic of China Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,430022,China. Environmental Process Modeling Center; Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798; Singapore Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jin Shan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University Shanghai 200065, China. Centre for Advanced 2D Materials National University of Singapore 6 Science Drive 2 Singapore 117546 Singapore; Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117546 Singapore 1Agricultural Bio-resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, PR China Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 6 Science Drive 2 117546 Singapore State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital; Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy; Chengdu 610041; China Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China College of Science, North China University of Technology 3 , Beijing 100144, China Center for Molecular Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center , Shanghai, China Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China. liubo@trhos.com Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Western Hospital, Jinan College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes; Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science (Ministry of Education of China), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China Research and Development Centre of Food Proteins; School of Food Science and Engineering; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products Safety; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou Institute of Photo-biophysics, School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China Center for Oral Biology, Department of Biomedical Genetics, Abs Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 611, Rochester, NY 14642; and Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 Sorbonne Université Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061. Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , China Wenhua Liang, Jiaxi He, Jianfei Shen, Qihua He, Jianrong Zhang, and Jianxing He, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University; Wenhua Liang, Jiaxi He, Jianfei Shen, Qihua He, Jianrong Zhang, and Jianxing He, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease & China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease; Zhihua Zhu, Cancer Center of Sun Yat-Sen University; Qian Zhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou; Jianfei Shen, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province,... Laboratory of Biomechanics, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China. Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China College of Chemsitry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, P. R. China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, P. R. China; Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Wastewater Reuse Technology, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, P. R. China Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China d Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Guangzhou , 510120 , China Spine Surgery Department Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China Dalian Key Lab of Marine Micro/Nano Energy and Self‐powered Systems, Marine Engineering College Dalian Maritime University Dalian 116026 China Department of Pathology, Center for Experimental Animal Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China Center of Reproductive Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning China Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China. Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 1 , Beijing 100190, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 2 , Beijing 100190, China Department of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China School of Biomedical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Email: jakeliubo@gmail.com. Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100010, China Department of Thoracic Surgery Northern Hospital Shenyang Liaoning China School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium−Titanium Metallurgy and Advanced Materials, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China Fudan University 2 School of Mathematical Sciences, , Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Contemporary Applied Mathematics, , Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China; Fudan University 2 School of Mathematical Sciences, , Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Contemporary Applied Mathematics, , Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition; College of Food Science and Engineering; National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing; Central South University of Forestry and Technology; Changsha Faculty of Geomatics, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China Department of Biomedical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian; P. R. China Department of Infectious Diseases 105th Hospital of PLA Hefei Anhui Province China From the Division of Vascular Surgery (S.S., D.Y., C.H., Q.W., Y.S., S.S., J.L., B.L.), and Division of Transplant Surgery (M.K., W.B.), Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI. The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China. lbxhx@yahoo.cn Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064; P. R. China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for Tuberculosis Research Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001 , China College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 West Road Yuanmingyuan, Beijing 100193, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China; Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Department of Oncology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China; Research Unit of Intelligent Orthopedics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Robotic Orthopaedics, Beijing, China Agricultural Bio-Resources Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China Spine Area of Orthopedics Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xi'an China Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation,La Jolla,CA School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441000, P.R. China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Detection of Atmosphere and Ocean, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology; Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Xixi Campus, Hangzhou 310028, P. R. China Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050, P. R. China School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Center, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Wuxi, 214041, Jiangsu, China Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China Center for Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computing, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Bigdata, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenzhen China State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Biotechnology No. 20, Dongda Street, Fengtai District Beijing 100071 P. R. China College of Mining and Safety Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China DHI‐NTU Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University 1 CleanTech Loop Singapore 637141 Singapore; School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China. Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China. State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Panzhihua 617000, China Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Optoelectronic Precision Measurement; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Respiratory Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256602, China Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400014 China Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Medical College, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441000, China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan 250100, P.R. China. Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;; Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701 Center for Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People’s Republic of China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center for IoT Software and Systems, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China; School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital, Beijing, China School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Center for Tuberculosis Research Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage State Key Laboratory of Space Power‐Sources School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China Department of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China Office of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar 161006, China. Graphene Research Centre; 6 Science Drive 2; National University of Singapore; 117546 Singapore Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials (Jilin Normal University) Ministry of Education Changchun 130103 China College of Mathematics and Physics, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an 343009, China College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China. Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy , Binzhou 256600 , China; Lvdu Bio-Sciences &Technology Co. Ltd. , Binzhou 256600, Shandong , China Department of X-Ray, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Henan Province Zhengzhou 450002, China. Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400014, China. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders Chongqing 400014, China. Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University Shenyang 110004, China. Department of Spinal Surgery, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China. dr.liub@yahoo.com.cn Laboratory for Familial Dysautonomia Research Department of Biological Sciences Fordham University Bronx NY USA Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Xi’an Hi-tech Research Institute, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China Department of Dermatology, Yan'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, P.R. China School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Lingshui Road, Dalian 116024, China; Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China Chinese National Human Genome Center at Beijing, Beijing, China. Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China Spine Department, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China Department of Osteonecrosis and Hip Surgery The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg Agricultural Bio-resource Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, PR China Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China. Umabs Therapeutics Inc. Big Data and Discovery, , Salem, NH 03079 , USA Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning 530022, China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Department of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China (Liu B, Cheng YM, Shen F, Wang YH, Wu YQ); Department of Intensive Care Unit, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Kaili 556000, Guizhou, China (Yao L); Department of Intensive Care Unit, Fourth People's Hospital of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu, China (Liu YQ); Department of Oncology, Mineral Hospital of Liupanshui City, Liupanshui 553000, Guizhou, China (Gou XB). Corresponding author: Shen Feng, Email: doctorshenfeng@163.com. Center for Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin, Heilongjiang, China Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P.R. China Department of Urology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of the People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan, China School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China North-Western China Regional Office of Nuclear and Radiation Safety Inspection; NNSA; Lanzhou 730000; China Orthopedics Department Two, Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China School of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, P. R. China. Xinhua Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiaotong University School Of Medicine, China Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, P. R. China Department of Physics Laboratory of Developmental Cell Biology and Disease, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China Κey Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China Department of Neurology, the Third Hospital of Mianyang; Sichuan Mental Health Center Department of Head and Neck Surgery Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital Harbin China National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co, Inc, West Point, PA, USA, Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China Division of Vascular Surgery Department of Surgery University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin 53705 USA; Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin 53705 USA The Cadre Ward in Department of Neurology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology CHINA From the Departments of Surgery (Z.L., S.M., J.R., Q.W., B.L.), Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (B.L.), Biomolecular Chemistry and Medicine (D.S.A., D.F.M.), McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research (J.Z.), Pediatrics (C.M.S.), and Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (N.S.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; and Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (Z.L.). College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut, Farmington, USA. Department of Pharmacy, Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Kunming, Yunnan, China Department of General Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital , Singapore Department of Radiology, Guangdong Hospital of TCM, Guangzhou 510120, China. doctorlb2006@yahoo.com.cn Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China. Reproductive Medicine Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China Center for Bioinformatics , Faculty of Computing, , Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001 , China; Harbin Institute of Technology , Faculty of Computing, , Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001 , China; Zhengzhou Research Institute , , Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000 , China; Harbin Institute of Technology , , Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000 , China; Key Laboratory of Biological Bigdata , Ministry of Education, , Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001 , China; Harbin Institute of Technology , Ministry of Education, , Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001 , China Nankai University; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Department of General Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510120 China Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Surgery Stanford School of Medicine Stanford CA USA School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China Faculty of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong, China. Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Biology, Division of Translational Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390 Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; China Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (Beijing Zhongnongda Veterinary Hospital Co., Ltd.), Beijing 100193, China Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China;; Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Ministry of Education Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China NVIDIA, Santa Clara , CA, USA Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310028; P. R. China; Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology Department of General Surgery; The Ling Nan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou; China Key Laboratory of College of First Clinical Medicine, College of First Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Taijiang Campus, Fuzhou 350001, China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy The Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Jilin University 1 State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials and Department of Physics, , Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Department of Diabetes, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine King’s College London London UK Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China Department of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 55 Neihuanxi Road, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University, 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, P. R. China Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, DingjiaQiao No. 87, Hunan Road, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu, China Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey—Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546, Singapore Tianjin Hydraulic Science Research Institute, Youyi Road 60, Hexi District, Tianjin 300061, China Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Macau, Macau, China Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, People’s Republic of China; Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Shenyang, China.; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.; Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China. College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University, 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, 361021 Fujian, P.R. China Department of Infectious Disease The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang, Hebei China; Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province Shijiazhuang, Hebei China Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL Canada, A1B 3X5 College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China Jilin University 1 State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, , Changchun 130012, China Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China From the Division of Vascular Surgery (Y.S., J.R., P.W., X.-D.S., K.C.K., B.L.), Department of Surgery and School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (D.L.R., A.D.), University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY. Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000, China. MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials; The Ministry of Education; Jilin Normal University; Siping; China Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Avenue, Changchun, 130012, China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun; China Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China JD Finance America Corporation, Mountain View, CA, USA MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 Heilongjiang China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 368, Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Testing Technical Services (Guangzhou) Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 510650, China; New Materials Research Institute of CASCHEM (Chongqing) Co. Ltd., Chongqing 400714, China Department of Statistics North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina U.S.A. Department of Emergency, Beijing Chao‑Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China Jiangsu Product Quality Testing & Inspection Institute, Nanjing 210007, China Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China. Environmental Process Modeling Centre; Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute; 1 Cleantech Loop; CleanTech One #06-08; Singapore 637141 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China School of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University 3 , Tianjin 300071, China College of Forestry Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Pen-Tung Sah Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China, and Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Solid State Electronic Research, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287 School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China; Shanghai Industrial Technology Research Institute (SITRI), Shanghai 201800, China; Shanghai Si-Gene Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People’s Republic of China; Department of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, People’s Republic of China Department of Imaging, Chinese Traditional Medicine Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China; Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200092 , China Department of Cellular and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA. Division of Allergy and ImmunologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhioUSA State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands; Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China Email: trliubo@139.com. Department of Chemistry, School of Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 P. R. China Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology; School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Department of Geriatrics and Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, The People’s Republic of China Changsha Sanwang Feed Co. Ltd, Changsha 410000, China Department of Urology, Jingmen No. 2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, P.R. China The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI)/Key Lab of Germplasm Utilization (MOA), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, China Department of General Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510630, China. Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University People’s Hospital, China Laboratory of Developmental Cell Biology and Disease, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou, China Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Cell Biology and Tumor Cell Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, China Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; and 2Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;; Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China Agricultural Bio-resources Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, PR China MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , 100050 , China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P.R. China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. General Surgery Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College 100730 Beijing China Laboratory of Functional Molecules and Materials, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 250049 Zibo, China Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430205, China Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation Shengjing Hospital China Medical University Shenyang China Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore Departement of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bern University, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China School of Philosophy and Sociology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guizhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program in Molecular Cell Biology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102607, People’s Republic of China Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology Iowa State University Ames IA USA; Division of Plant Sciences University of Missouri Columbia MO USA Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China Agricultural Bio-Resource Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, People's Republic of China, fzliubo@163.com. Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000,China Department of Head and Neck Thyroid, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, China Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China Department of Oncology, Pingxiang Second People’s Hospital, Pingxiang, Jiangxi 337000, China Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, 430000, China Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Department of Rheumatism Immunology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China; Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province, Wuhan, China; Hubei Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China NewFields, 300 Ledgewood Place, Rockland, Massachusetts 02370, United States School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China Division of Translational Research, Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9185 College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao266042, China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650050, China;; School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China Agricultural Bioresources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education) Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Harbin People's Republic of China Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi’an 710069; China College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China Department of Chemistry, National Tsinh-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China; FIRST, Aihara Innovative Mathematical Modelling Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding of Ministry of Education of China, Xidian University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, , Shenzhen, China University of Wisconsin, Madison, Department of Surgery, Madison Wisconsin Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology; University of Science and Technology Beijing; Beijing 100083; P. R. China Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China Medical Research Center Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang China Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital; and; Beijing Key Laboratory of Robotic Orthopaedics, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, Liaoning Province, China. lba555@163.com Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Ministry of Education Xi'an Shaanxi China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi China The University of Texas at Austin State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy Chengdu China Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (X.Z., L.X., W.Q., B.L., J.W., Y.X.). The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China. Department of Radiation Oncology City of Hope National Medical Center Duarte California USA Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA; Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China; Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China; National Key Laboratory for Novel Vaccines Research, Development of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan 430207, China; Hubei Provincial Vaccine Technology Innovation Center, Wuhan 430207, China Metabolic Disease Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Discovery Organization, Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-6098 *Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599;; ‡Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong 643020, China. 1 Center for Bioinformatics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University Baltimore USA Department of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P.R. China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People’s Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, People’s Republic of China Department of Human Sperm Bank, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China. Center For Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Center, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546 College of Animal Science; Jilin University; Changchun China Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China The Second Clinical Medical College and State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou 510006 China Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China Department of Proctology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330000, China Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China Agricultural Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pengfei Road Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China Department of Burns & Plastic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China Sichuan University College of Chemistry 29 Wangjiang Rd. 610064 Chengdu CHINA Medical Support Technology Research Department, Systems Engineering Institute, Academy of Military Sciences, People’s Liberation Army, Tianjin 300161, China Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China. Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei P. R. China Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC Laboratory of Functional Molecules and Materials, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China Wuhan Natl. Laboratory for Optoelectronics – Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430074 P. R., China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, CAMS&PUMC, Beijing, P. R. People’s Republic of China Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Diabetes Research Group King's College London London UK National Institutes for Food and Drug Control; Beijing 100050; P. R. of China Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Lab for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People’s Republic of China, and Theoretical Chemistry, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden From the Division of Vascular Surgery (E.J.R., R.P.H., K.S., P.L.F., B.L., K.C.K.), New York Presbyterian Hospital, Cornell University, Weill Medical School and Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY; the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.I.N.), Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Japan; and the Department of Developmental Biology (K.N.), Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Japan. State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan University of Arts and Science, 3150, Dongting Road, Changde 415000, PR China; Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Wastewater Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, PR China State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of New Drug Research and Development, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, P.R. China Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China Medical Experiment Education Department; Medical College of Nanchang University; Nanchang 330031 China University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, Alabamaand Department of Cardiology Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical School Nanjing China Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China Department of General Surgery, Lingnan Hospital of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Department of Pneumology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264200, P.R. China Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China. Simcyp Limited (A Certara Company), Blades Enterprise Centre, John Street, Sheffield, S2 4SU, U.K. Liver Cirrhosis Diagnosis and Treatment Center, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China 6 School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China Department of Breast Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China Department of Pharmacogenomics, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, P. R. China National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, 31st Huatuo Rd., Daxing Dist., Beijing 102629, P. R. China Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China. liubo169@163.net Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science Xiangyang China; Institute of Oncology Hubei University of Arts and Science Xiangyang China Ankasa Regenerative Therapeutics, Inc. South San Francisco CA NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, Nanchang, China College of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China. lb@ntu.edu.cn Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. Department of Anesthesiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province, China Beijing Institute of Technology Simcyp Ltd, Blades Enterprise Centre John Street Sheffield S2 4SU UK Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Cancer Institute, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing 100021, China. Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing 210009, China Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital The Fourth Clinical College of Peking University Beijing China Department of Oncology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China Laboratory of Functional Molecular and Materials, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China Southwest Eye Hospital; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University); Chongqing; China Zhejiang Hikstor Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310000, China Research and Development, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China Department of Radiation Oncology Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ USA Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Veterinary Teaching Hospital, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China Infectious Diseases Center, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China Center of Health Management The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi Xinjiang 830054 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou <510006> China Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China,E-mail: ydqc_666@126.com. Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry Nankai University Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 P. R. China College of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiguChina School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China. liubo2400@163.com. 2Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A. Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China;; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China; and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, P. R. China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 P. R. China Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Beihang University; Beijing 100083; China Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. *Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic of China; and Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China. Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China Department of Pharmacology and the Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Fuzhou 350003 , China Department of Spinal Surgery, Xi ‘An Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China College of Mathematics and Physics, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, Jiangxi 343009, China; Science and Technology Innovation Development Center, Ji’an, Jiangxi 343006, China Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China. Corresponding author: Shen Feng, Email: doctorshenfeng@163.com. Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China *Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599;; †Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonesis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, China Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience of Liaoning Province Shenyang Medical College Shenyang China Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing Chao‐Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Road South, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China Institute of Animal Science, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China Infectious Diseases Center, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, CA (X.J., W.T., A.B.T., S.P., E.S., P.D., P.Z., T.T.D., B.L., C.C., E.C.B., M.R.N.).; School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA (X.J., W.T., A.B.T., S.P., E.S., P.D., P.Z., T.T.D., B.L., A.J.G., E.C.B., M.R.N.). Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Science; Changchun; China Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, School of Material Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China Department of Cardiology Peking University First Hospital Beijing China Ophthalmology Department, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration and Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China Department of Microorganism Engineering Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing 100071 China Department of Head and Neck Thyroid, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot China From the Department of Surgery (Q.W., Z.L., J.R., S.M., C.A., B.L.), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health (Q.W., B.L.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison (Q.W., B.L.); and Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China (Z.L.). Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China College of Resources and Environment Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China; FAFU‐UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics Haixia Institute of Science and Technology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China Department of Microorganism Engineering Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing 100071 P. R. China Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Nanopathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No.2 West Road Yuanmingyuan, Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of China Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, Department of Computer Science, 3115 Biomolecular Sciences Building 296, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, 2Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, 7 Divinity Avenue, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, 3Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142 and 4McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, China Shandong Provincial Key Lab. of Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, China 1Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; 2Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao‐Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing *Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; and Department of Ultrasound Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital Xi'an China Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China School of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China. State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China Department of Hematology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Medical University, Xi'an 210032, China. Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences King's College London London UK Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Province, China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Clinical Medicial College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Surgery School of Medicine Stanford University Stanford California Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 208325, Beijing, China Department of Medical Oncology The No. 2 Hospital of Baoding Baoding China Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology, Chongqing 401122, China; University of Science and Technology Beijing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing 100083, China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Pidu District People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, the 4th Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, China Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China Department of Clinical Laboratory Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China Institute of Photo-Biophysics, Physics and Electronics Department, Henan University, 475004, Kaifeng, China The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China apb Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital , Chengdu , China. Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China. Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing 1 , Changsha, 410073, China Liver Transplantation and Research Center, Department of Liver Cirrhosis Diagnosis and Treatment Centre, Research Centre for Clinical and Translational Medicine, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi’an 710025, China School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China College of Food and Biological Engineering; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food; Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food; Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources; Jimei University Center for Bioinformatics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China Department of Hematology, PUMC Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing 100730, China. Center for Bioinformatics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021 College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350116, P. R. China Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education), Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert Grassland Ecosystem in Xinjiang Cele 848300 Xinjiang China Agricultural Bio-resource Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China Nankai University Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy NTT Medical Center Tokyo Tokyo Japan Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China , 100081 Beijing , China; Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University , 530001 Nanning , China Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China Department of Radiation Oncology Rutgers‐Cancer Institute of New Jersey Robert Wood Johnson Medical School New Brunswick NJ USA The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China. Section of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 Agricultural Bioresource Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics – Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory; Department of Biomedical Engineering; College of Life Science and Technology; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Hubei Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology of Ministry of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.; The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China. Graphene Research Centre and Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, 117546 Singapore; Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore Agricultural Bio-resource Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of PathogensInstitute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College 100176 Beijing China Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (Y.D., C.G., Z.L., L.W., B.L., M.X., Y.Z., X.W., W.K.); Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (F.H.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (T.Z.); Department of Nephrology, Peking... |
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