http://rdf.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubchem/author/MD5_7e9dc298a87e50364e0b37c705566326
Outgoing Links
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| family-name | Liu Yuan Liu |
| name | Yuan Liu |
| given-name | Yuan |
| organization-name | Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, No. 55, Zhenhai Road, Xiamen 361003, China Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China 1 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA, 2Department of Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China and 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA Department of Neurology Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital Shanghai China Biotech center for viral disease emergency, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China. ly1781@163.com Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 35 St, George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 1A4 Canada College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Xi'an 710021, China Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China. Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-2870, United States Inner Mongolia Medical University Hohhot China; The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University Hohhot China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai 201620 P. R. China Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore; Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, PR China Department of Ultrasound, Fifth Medical Center Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Beijing China Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China. College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural University Yuanmingyuan West Road 2 Beijing 100193 China Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China. Department of Laboratory Animal Science China Medical University Shenyang China Department of Otolaryngology ‐ Head and Neck Surgery Loma Linda University Medical Center Loma Linda California Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA Department of Cardiology, Ren Min Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China. Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics UF Health Cancer Center UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA; Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College of Life Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Oncology Biomarkers, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426-2990, USA Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250012 P.R. China Faculty of Materials and Energy; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715; China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China‐Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Beijing China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China Department of Applied Mathematics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China Analytical & Testing Center of Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University Atlanta Georgia Orthopaedic Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, China Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology Engineering Laboratory, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China Department of Spine, Honghui-Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Xi’an, China | Yan\'an University Medical School, Yan\'an, China Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P.R. China Zhenjiang Institute for Drug Control, Zhenjiang 212000, P. R. China Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Bioengineering, Arlington, Texas 76010, United StatesbUniversity of Texas at Arlington and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, Texas 75390, United Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Division of Surgical OncologyEmory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA; Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA USA Department of Cardiology, Vascular Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing China; School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou 510080, China. Department of Pneumology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, China Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland) College of Pharmacy National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences Chongqing 402160 P. R. China From the Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Stomatology (C.L., X.-N.S., M.-R.Z., X.-J.Z., Y.-Y.Z., W.-C.Z., L.-J.D., T.A, Yuan Liu, Yan Liu, S.-Z.D.), and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology (C.L., X.-N.S., M.-R.Z., X.-J.Z., Y.-Y.Z., W.-C.Z., C.S., L.-J.D., T.-J.A., Yuan Liu, Yan Liu, S.-Z.D.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China; Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological... Xinjiang Key laboratory of Explosives Safety Science Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830000 China Kunming University of Science and Technology , China Department of Neurology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, PR China Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life sciences, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China Department of Radiology, Union hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. From the Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Stomatology (X.-N.S., C.L., Y.L., L.-J.D., M.-R.Z., X.-J.Z., W.-C.Z., Y.L., S.-Z.D.), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology (X.-N.S., C.L., Y.L., L.-J.D., M.-R.Z., X.-J.Z., W.-C.Z., Y.L., S.S., Z.Z., S.-Z.D.), Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital (Y.Y., L.D., M.Q., X.L.), and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Ninth People’s Hospital (S.S., Z.Z.... Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China Department of Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury Chongqing 400042, China. Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources of Ministry of Education School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University Shihezi China Department of Orthopedics, Honghui-hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of medicine, Xi’an, China BGI-Europe; Copenhagen Bio Science Park; Copenhagen N Denmark Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface UF Health Cancer Center UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China Department of Cardiology Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesZhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, P. R. China Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of BaoTou Medical College, Inner Mongolia Baotou 014010, China. The Third Affilated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University, Lingnan Hospital Guangzhou China Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441000, P.R. China Biofilm Research Laboratories, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; Division of Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, China Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optics and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China ‡Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; and Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia USA Department of Ultrasonography, Beijing Hospital, National Centre of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100730 , China School of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology Jinan P. R. China Department of Molecular Biology and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, and ‡Department of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-long Road, Shanghai 200237, China Department of Oral Histology & Pathology, Stomatological College, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an Shaanxi, PR China. Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204; Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China Department of Pharmacology and the Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guhou Province, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Henan Province 450001; China From the Jiangsu Diabetes Research Center (Y.-L.G., R.B., D.-Q.L., C.-Y.Z., K.Z.), State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China; the Department of Biology (C.X.-J.C., Y.L.), Georgia State University, Atlanta. Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica Ministry of Education of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Harbin People's Republic of China Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China Department of General Surgery Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai P. R. China Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Emory University Atlanta Georgia Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwestern China, Kunming Inst. of Botany, Chinese Acad. of Sciences Kunming 650204 China Department of Chemistry and §Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States State Key Laboratory of Bio‐fibers and Eco‐textiles, Institute of Biochemical Engineering College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China; Foshan (Southern China) Institute for New Materials Foshan 528200 China Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210014, China Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, China Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Cancer Research Center Nantong, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China Department of Pediatric Surgery Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024, China Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China; Center for Flexible Electronics Technology and Center for Mechanics and Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province), Luoyang 471002, Henan, China Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , No.17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District , Nanchang 330006 , Jiangxi Province , China College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou, China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, and Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 660 North Park Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Dows Institute for Dental Research, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics, and the Affiliated Ophthalmic Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids; Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials; College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Anhui Normal University Faculty of Psychology Southwest University Chongqing China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education Chongqing China School of Physics and Materials Science, ‡School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and §NYU−ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at New York University Shanghai, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 511436 China College of Chemistry & Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities College of Electronic Information Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China †Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303; and Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University Chengdu 610225, China Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology Engineering Laboratory Chengdu 610225, China Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China Chengdu 610225, China Ethnic Medicine Institute, Southwest Minzu University Chengdu 610225, China. CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering PlasticsInstitute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China From the Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing, China; the Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP), Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Straße 61, Dresden 01187, Germany Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China; School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University , Atlanta, GA , USA Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics Technische Universität Dresden Dresden 01187 Germany Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 Department of Biomedical Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States Department of Chemistry; Dartmouth College; Hanover; USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China Department of Pharmacology and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases Center for Tissue Engineering School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China Hebei Key Laboratory of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong School of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an, China Department of Orthopedics, the Artificial Joint Engineering Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang Jiangxi, 330006, P.R.China. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 000000, China. Biofilm Research Laboratories, Department of Orthodontics, Divisions of Community Oral Health & Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Preventive & Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China.; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0204, and Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97207-0751 Division of Nephrology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest A&F University 22 Xinong Road, Yangling Shaanxi 712100 PR China Division of Gastrointestinal Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875; China Graduate School, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education (Southeast University) Southeast University Nanjing 210096 P. R. China Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta Georgia University of Science and Technology of China 1 CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, , Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 111 North first Section, second Ring Road, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China; Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Qilu Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong China Statistics Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. The 3rd Department of Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing, China Department of Infectious Disease The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No. 88 University South Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, No. 88 University South Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China; Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China School of Automation Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University , Shaanxi 710049, China Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region; Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha410083, Hunan, China Department of Emergency Zhengzhou University First Affiliated Hospital China Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, , Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;; Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University Miami Florida; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University Miami Florida College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100091 China Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Sensors, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectronics and Telecommunication, School of Physics, Communication and Electronics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330098, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China China Railway Fifth Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550003, China; Guizhou Tianwei Building Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550025, China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW eighth Street, Miami, FL, 33199 Department of Radiology, First Hospital, Shantou University Medical School, Shantou 515041, China. Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin China Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Department of Gynaecology Xuzhou Maternal & Child Health Care Hospital Xuzhou Jiangsu China Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology Department of Biology Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics Center of Inflammation Immunity and Infection Georgia State University Atlanta GA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA Program of Cell and Molecular Immunology Department of Biology & Center of Inflammation Immunity and Infection Georgia State University Atlanta GA USA Chemistry and Chemical Engineering School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P.R. China. Biofilm Research Lab; Levy Center for Oral Health; School of Dental Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta Georgia *Program of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303; and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai Hospital New York Wuxi Branch of Jiangsu Province Special Equipment Safety Supervision and Inspection Institute, Wuxi 214174, China Department of Surgery Cooper University Hospital Camden New Jersey Research Center of Advanced Materials Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People’s Republic of China Tumor Institute Taizhou University Taizhou ZJ China Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, China Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhang, Hebei, China Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, PuDong New District, Shanghai 201306, China Department of Endoscopy Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Shanghai China; Department of Oncology Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province Nanchang China Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration; Institute Biomedicine and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen 518055 Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080,China Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Emory University Atlanta Georgia Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology,Fourth Military Medical University,Xi'an,China Department of Endoscopy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, 518055, China Faculty of Materials and Energy; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715; P. R. China Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China. Department of Liver Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University Atlanta GA The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou GanSu PR China University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics; Macquarie University; Australia; Department of Molecular Sciences; Macquarie University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200062; China College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, 235000, Huaibei, PR China Methadone Maintenance Treatment Clinic, Compulsory Isolation Drug Rehabilitation Center, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China Biofilm Research Labs, Levy Center for Oral Health, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Department of Orthopedics Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery Department of Orthopedic Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Medical School Nanjing University 321 Zhongshan Road Nanjing Jiangsu 210008 China Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, PR China *Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303; and College of Chemistry College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450000 China Department of Biomedical Engineering; Michigan Technological University; Houghton; USA State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao; P. R. China Department of Neurology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland) Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China Department of Chemistry and ‡International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States University of Pittsburgh Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University Atlanta Georgia Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042) Zhejiang University School of Medicine Zhejiang PR China Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Key Laboratory for Micro‐/Nano‐Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 P. R. China Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China, Kunming Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China;; Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 P. R. China College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage & Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China.; College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage & Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China. Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China; School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London 1 , Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing (Q.L., X.W., L.Z., R.R., N.X., C.L., D.L., J.Z., W.T., L.J., Q.W., R.W., Y.Z., G. Shi, G.F.G., Z.F.), the Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei (X.G., Y.T., X.X., Y.W., Q.C., M.L., C.C., R.Y., S.Z., Y. Luo, B.Y.), the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (P.W., K.S.M.L., E.H.Y.L., J.Y.W... Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.; Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital Shanghai People's Republic of China Department of Cardiology Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Arlington and The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX 75390, USA. Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Department of Computer Science North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58106, USA Institute of Ethnic Medicine; Southwest University for Nationalities; Chengdu Sichuan China Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecular, Ministry of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology 1 , Xiangtan 411201, China and , Xiangtan 411201, China; Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology 1 , Xiangtan 411201, China and , Xiangtan 411201, China Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, PR China Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong Province, China The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China Department of Pathology and Hepatology, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China Department of Liver Transplantation, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China Department of Nephrology Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta Georgia; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource Emory University Atlanta Georgia; Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia Guangdong cardiovascular institute, Guangdong general hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China. Chenzhou First People’s Hospital, Beihu, Chenzhou 423000, Hunan, China Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China. College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. Department of Anesthesia, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China. Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204;; Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204; Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China. State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Special War Wound, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China. Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics; College of Biology; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University Institute of Grassland Science Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education Changchun P. R. China Department of Neurosurgery, The First Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang 830000, China Department of Biology Georgia State University Atlanta Georgia Department of Physics and TcSUH University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA Dep. of Plant Sciences North Dakota State Univ. Fargo ND 58108 Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument Beijing Information Science & Technology University Beijing 100192 China Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan Province, China National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, China (X.-N.S., L.-J.D., Yuan Liu, Yan Liu, J.-Y.S., Z.T., M.X., B.F., S.-Z.D.); Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, China (X.-N.S., L.-J.D., Yuan Liu, Yan Liu, J.-Y.S., Z.T., M.X., B.F., S.-Z.D.); Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (X.-N.S., Yuan Liu); Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases (X.-N.S., L.-J.D., Yuan Liu, Yan Liu, J.-Y.S., S.-Z.D.), Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China. Engineering Research Center of Food Thermal‐Processing Technology, College of Food Science and Technology Shanghai Ocean Univ. Shanghai 201306 China State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China Department of Bioinformatics, Merck & Co., Inc., P.O. Box 2000, RY80-A1, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Medical School, Jiangxi, PR China Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing China School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics, Atherosclerosis Research Centre, and the Affiliated Ophthalmic Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice College of Life Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Department of Orthopedics, Yan’an University Medical School, Yan’an, China Orthopedics Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Med-X Center for Materials, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong 226019, China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Explosives Safety Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, P. R. China Department of Cardiology Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College Nanchang China State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029, China Department of General Surgery Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury Department of Research Institute of Surgery Daping Hospital The Third Military Medical University Chongqing China Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Optoelectronic Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, People’s Republic of China Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia Department of Chemistry, IFM, Linköping University, SE-58 183 Linköping, Sweden Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Winship Cancer Institute Zhenjiang Institute for Drug Control, Zhenjiang, 212000, P. R. China Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA; Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Arlington, and The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX 75390, USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China Department of Medical Examination, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang 317500, P.R. China Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia 11Glaxo SmithKline Oncology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Institute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang 453002, China Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China. 332387962@qq.com. 2GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania. Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao, China Department of Medicine Clinical Laboratory The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha 410013 China Business School of Jinling University of science and technology, Nanjing 211199, China State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Beijing China a School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials , Tianjin University , 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin , 300072 , People’s Republic of China 10GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania Department of Orthodontics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA Key Laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecular; Ministry of Education; Hunan University of Science and Technology; Xiangtan; China State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Hospital, National Centre of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China. Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery Shanghai General Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215026, P.R. China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong Province, P. R. China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China Pfizer, La Jolla, CA Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Food Quality Safety and Detection Research, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014 Nanjing, Jiangsu People’s Republic of China Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences , Guangzhou, China Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai China Ultrasound and Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington 1 , Arlington, Texas 76019, USA; Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Arlington and The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas 2 , Texas 75390, USA Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China. Winship Cancer Institute Atlanta Georgia; Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia 16Pfizer Inc, San Diego, California. State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-long Road, Shanghai 200237, China Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China;; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China; Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China Department of Dermatology Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou Hebei China Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 10021, China Department of Radiology The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China Pen−Tung Sah Institute of Micro−Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering; Southwest Jiaotong University; Chengdu 610031; P.R. China Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai Hospital New York Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, China Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor; Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design; and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 Department of General Practice, Hongqiao Community Healthcare Center, Shanghai, China (mainland) Authors' Affiliations: 1Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; 2Brigham and Women's Hospital; 3Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania; 5Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and 6Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas, Texas Winship Cancer Institute Atlanta GA USA Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450007, People's Republic of China Department of Endocrinology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China Emory University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China. Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710003, China *Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center of Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302; Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450000 China School of Energy and Power, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, China Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Atlanta, GA CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China; School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Department of Hematology The First Affiliated Hospital Nanchang University Nanchang China Departments of †Chemistry and ‡Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States Department of Respiratory Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College Weifang Shandong PR China Biofilm Research Labs, Levy Center for Oral Health, Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Biochemistry Ph.D. Program, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA Department of Biochemistry University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195; Institute for Protein Design University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education& Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low‐Dimensional Structural Physics and Devices School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes in Zhengzhou University Academy of Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450052 China Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University: Xiang-Ya Road 87, 41008, Changsha, Hunan, China Nanozyme Medical Center School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China Department of Medical Psychology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Hubei Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases; Wuhan Research Centre for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430023, China Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University) Beijing China; Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics Beijing China The Province and Ministry Co‐Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical Sciences Intensive Care Unit of the Second Hospital Tianjin Medical University No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping district Tianjin 300070 China Department of Pathology, the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, Nanomaterial and Smart Sensor Research Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (PHOENIX Center), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, P.R. China;; Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, P.R. China; *Program of Immunology and Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302; and; †Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302 Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China;; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China;; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, 100871 Beijing, China; Geriatric Department of the Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Institute of Aging and Geriatric Research, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China Department of Ultrasound Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Beijing China College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China Hefei University of Technology Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, , 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China Department of Rehabilitation Center Children’s Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Loma Linda University Medical Center Loma Linda California U.S.A. Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital and Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, MSC 3C, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003-8001 Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Chengdu 610225, China; Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology Engineering Laboratory, Chengdu 610225, China Institute of Military Health Management, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006; People's Republic of China Center of Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Program of Cellular Biology and Immunology of Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA Clinical Laboratory General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region of PLA Chengdu China Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States Department of Gynaecology, Xuzhou Maternal & Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China.; Department of Gynaecology, Xuzhou Maternal & Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China. State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science Gansu China; College of Life Science and Technology Gansu Agricultural University Gansu China College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan Shandong China 4Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, PR China; Key Laboratory of Nearshore Marine Environmental Science and Technology in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, PR China Department of Hematology Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou China Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Endoscopy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology Engineering Laboratory Chengdu 610225, China Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China Chengdu 610225, China Ethnic Medicine Institute, Southwest Minzu University Chengdu 610225, China. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China Department of Stomatology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China Department of Chemistry, IFM, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden Aging Institute University of Pittsburgh/UPMC PA USA Program of Immunology and Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Center for Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302;; Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303; Department of Chemistry; Brown University; Providence; USA Acute Lung Injury Center of ExcellenceUniversity of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA Department of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh, Pennsylvania Biofilm Research Laboratory, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;; Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of China BGI-Europe-UK, London, United Kingdom Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Molecular Simulation of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial, and Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Convergence Medical Engineering System and Healthcare Technology, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China Department of Vector Biology and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China Biopharmaceutical Teaching and Research Section, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China. Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, P. R. China Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China Department of Chemistry and Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, China College of Animal Science & Technology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China Department of Special Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China; State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China Department of Gastroenterology Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 4 GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina and Collegeville, Pennsylvania. Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.; Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University Chengdu 610041, China Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology Engineering Laboratory Chengdu 610225, China Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China Chengdu 610225, China. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; University of New Mexico; Albuquerque; USA Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices, Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 5340 Xiping Road, Tianjin 300401, P.R. China Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Sensors, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectronics and Telecommunication, School of Physics, Communication and Electronics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022 Jiangxi, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green‐Eco‐Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health and Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou China 4Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia. Department of Emergency, Xin’an Central Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710048, China Department of Cardiology, Vascular Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing China Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inner Mongolia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010010, P.R. China Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Shared Resource Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta Georgia; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia Program for Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA *Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, and Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States Central Laboratory, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of basic Medical Sciences Fujian Medical University Fuzhou China; Cancer Research Center Nantong Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University Nantong China Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Life Sciences, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Departments of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, University Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Department of Orthopedics The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China Department of Neurology, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology 2 , Shenzhen 518055, China Biofilm Research Laboratory, Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA, USA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China; Geriatric Department, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China Cornell University State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China. Guangdong University of Technology Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China. Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China College of Life Science Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui People's Republic of China State Key Laboratory for Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, P. R. China; Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China 6Pfizer, New York, New York. Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology of Xiamen University; Xiamen, China Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL); State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics; College of Biology; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai PR China Department of Clinical Laboratory , Hangzhou 631689 Xixi Hospital , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , P.R. China 4Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Shared Resource at Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia. Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Research Center of Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center of Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 61801 Urbana, IL USA; Department of Bioengineering; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 61801 Urbana, IL USA Laboratory of Epigenetics & Epigenomics, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhengjiang, China Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou China; State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological and Medical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300000, China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China Analytical and Testing Center of Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China Department of Rheumatology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi Autonomous Region 545006, P.R. China Department of Respiratory College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China School of Biomedical Engineering The Province and Ministry Co‐Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics Intensive Care Unit of the Second Hospital Tianjin Medical University No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District Tianjin 300070 China Department of Biostatistics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA 2Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Gastrointestinal Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States Department of Cardiovascular, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chongqing 400714; China Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (J.Z., L.L., J.L., C.-Y.Z., Y.Z., K.Z.); and Department of Biology, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Georgia State University, Atlanta (Y.L.). Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, P.O. Box 800709, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. yualiu@fiu.edu. Biochemistry Ph.D. Program, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. yualiu@fiu.edu. Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. yualiu@fiu.edu. State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 20024 P. R. China Department of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China. maxiongmd@hotmail.com Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, China. 1061097492@qq.com Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China; College of Advanced Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.; New York University (NYU)–East China Normal University Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China. The Molecular Oncology Group, Division of Medical Science, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Florida International University; Miami; USA; Biomolecular Sciences Institute CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Beijing 100190; People's Republic of China Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology Shanghai China Nursing Department The Second Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan City China; Department of Geriatrics Nursing Department The Second Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan City China Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Cardiology of the Ministry of Education of China Tongji University Shanghai China; Institute of Medical Genetics Tongji University Shanghai China; Department of Cardiology East Hospital Tongji University Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Bioengineering, 500 UTA Boulevard, Arlington, Texas 76010, United StatesbThe University of Texas at Arlington and The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Joint Biomedical Engineeri Chuanshan College University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China Department of Internal Medicine of TCM, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 5 Hai Yun Cang, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China College of Veterinary Medicine Yangzhou University Yangzhou China; Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis Yangzhou China; Institute of Comparative Medicine Yangzhou University Yangzhou China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Zhejiang 315201 P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Capital Medical University Beijing China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Peking University Beijing 100871 China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China; Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Capital Medical University Beijing China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Capital Medical University Beijing China Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and §California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States Department of Cardiology Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Gynecology Xuzhou Maternal & Child Health Care Hospital Xuzhou China Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30034 Department of Chemistry Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 501 Haike Road Shanghai 201203 P. R. China Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China Biofilm Research Labs, Levy Center for Oral Health, Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community of Oral Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University Xiamen China Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; Department of Oral Histology and Pathology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China. Brown Center for Immunotherapy, School of Medicine, Indiana University , Indianapolis , IN 46202 , USA; Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, School of Medicine, Indiana University , Indianapolis , IN 46202 , USA; Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University , Houston , TX 77030 , USA 22Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China Orthopedics Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; International Joint Laboratory for Cooperation in Agriculture and Agricultural Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China *Epithelial Pathobiology Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322; and Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL) State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Life Sciences and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China Biostatistics Shared Core Resources of Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 803 Zhongshan North 1st Road, Shanghai, 200083, P. R. China; Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 196 Ouyang Road, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China Department of Oral pathology the School of Stomatology the Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi Province China Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning Guangxi China Department of NCDs Control and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, China Beijing Normal University, Analytical and Testing Center, Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of China Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China;; Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588; Department of Chemistry; International Institute for Nanotechnology; Northwestern University; Evanston; USA Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt Institute for Surgery and Engineering, Department of Electrical En Pfizer Translational Oncology San Diego California USA Department of Applied Physics School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Guizhou Environment and Engineering Appraisal Center, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou, China High-Tech Institute of Xi'an Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN) National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) National Institutes of Health (NIH) Bethesda MD 20892 USA Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China Department of Emergency Medicine Shaanxi Xin'an Central Hospital Xi'an Shaanxi Province China Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA †Program of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303; and Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China; Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Cooper University Hospital, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, 3 Cooper Plaza, Suite 411, Camden, NJ 08103, USA State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China 1Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. Department of Dermatovenereology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China Scripps Institution of Oceanography and Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0204, United States Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Sichuan Provincial Qiang-Yi Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Technology and Engineering Laboratory Chengdu 610225, China Ethnic Medicine Institute, Southwest Minzu University Chengdu 610225, China. Biofilm Research Labs, Levy Center for Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA; Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui Province, China South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China Institute of Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau Southwest Minzu University Chengdu Sichuan Province China Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration; Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology; Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China. Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 10 King's College Road Toronto Ontario M5S 3G4 Canada College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China Department of Pharmacy, the First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan, 476100, PR China Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30032, USA Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry; School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science & Technology; Shanghai; P. R. China Michigan Technological University 6 Department of Biomedical Engineering, , Houghton, Michigan 49931, USA Department of Rheumatology, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Liuzhou, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China;; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China;; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao China Southwest University, China. School of Pharmacy; Nantong University; Nantong; China Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China School of Computer Scicence and Technology; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 116024; China School of Marine Science and Environmental Engineering Dalian Ocean University Dalian 116023 China College of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China Center for Mechanics and Materials AML Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China Department of Radiation Therapy, Linyi Tumor Hospital Linyi, Shandong, China. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Florida International University; Miami Florida USA; Biochemistry Ph.D. Program; Florida International University; Miami Florida USA; Biomolecular Sciences Institute; Florida International University; Miami Florida USA State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing (PHOENIX Center), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People's Republic of China Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, No. 55, Zhenhai Road, Xiamen 361003, China; Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA 3Pfizer, New York, New York. Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 P. R. China 1Immunology and Departments of Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Yunlin, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi Province, China. Department of Medical Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China Laboratory of Molecular Imaging & Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging & Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Authors' Affiliations: Departments of 1Immunology and Microbial Science, 2Chemistry, 3Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California; 4Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 200032, Shanghai, China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Program, Beijing You-An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu Military District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland) Department of Immunology The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla California USA Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Ministry of Education School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Key Laboratory for Micro‐Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha 410082 P. R. China Food and Drug Supervision and Monitoring Center in Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and §California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States Henan Key Laboratory of High Temperature Functional Ceramics, School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 75 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China Department of Computer Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, USA From Jiangsu Diabetes Research Center (D.-Q.L., Y.-L.G., Z.B., Y.-Y.C., X.C., C.-Y.Z., K.Z.), State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Peoples Republic of China; and Program for Cell and Molecular Biology and Physiology (Y.-L.G., Y.L.), Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Ga. CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China The Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, MOE Beijing Normal University Beijing China; Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Ministry of Emergency Management & Ministry of Education, Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Neurotrauma, Regeneration and Rehabilitation, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China. Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta Georgia Guangzhou Huamiao Biotechnology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Guangzhou Province 510000, China State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing P. R. China; Hengyang Medical School University of South China Hengyang Hunan P. R. China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China; College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health; College of Veterinary Medicine; China Agricultural University; Beijing 100193; China Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education East China Normal University Shanghai China; College of Physical Education and Health East China Normal University Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China Authors' Affiliations: Departments of 1Translational Research, 2Clinical Biomarkers, Cancer Research, 3Discovery Analytics US, 4Research Statistics Unit US, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania; and 5Research Triangle Park, North Carolina Institute of Comparative Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Yangzhou University Yangzhou Jiangsu 225009 China; Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou Jiangsu 225009 China Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, Hefei University of Technology , 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu/Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China 1Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P.R. China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States Key Laboratory for Micro-/Nano-Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education; School of Physics and Electronics; Hunan University; Changsha 410082; China State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; School of Physics and Electronics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Automation Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, , Xi'an, China State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 210096; China Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China. CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 China; School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China Department of Bioinformatics, Merck & Co., Inc., WP53F-3001, West Point, PA 19486, USA Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine (Y.Y.Z., X.L., L.G., H.Y.H., Q.H., Y.L., C.G.M., Q.Q.T.), the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China; University of Science and Technology of China 1 Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China Program of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Department of Biology, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 4Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China From the Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 4Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia. 1Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; 2Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China; 3Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, 801 Heqing Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Department of Radiology Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro‐Environment and Agro‐Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture Guangxi University Nanning Guangxi CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology; Xiamen University; Xiamen, PR China Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices, Faculty of Science, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China; ChiFeng University, ChiFeng, China Pfizer Inc, San Diego, California, USA Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30032; Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory; State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics; College of Life Sciences; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 2 Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences , Guangzhou, China Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China; Vanderbilt Univ. (United States) Heart Health Center East Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China; Institute of Medical Genetics Tongji University Shanghai China Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Center of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China; Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Xiamen China; School of Medicine Xiamen University Xiamen China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, P. R. China; School of Physical Science and Technology, Center on Nanoenergy Research, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, P. R. China Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China School of Science; Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen); Shenzhen 518055; China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality (Ministry of Agriculture), Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta Georgia; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia Biostatistics Shared Resource, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA Department of Physical Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China 2Pfizer Inc, Global Product Development Oncology, La Jolla, California. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, China 100193 Department of Biochemistry University of Washington Washington Seattle 98195; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington Washington Seattle 98195 Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospitial, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. l_yuan12@yahoo.com.cn Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, P.R. China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Shandong University Jinan Shandong China Center of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China Clinical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, Hunan, China. Dalian University of Technology 2 College of Advanced Science and Technology, , Dalian 116024, China; Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology) 3 Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, , Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China Google Health, Palo Alto, California Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, P.R. China Department of Physics and TcSUH, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States Department of Urology, Linyi Central Hospital Linyi, China. Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 518055 Shenzhen, PR China State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu, P.R. China. Department of General Surgery Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, P.R. China Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia Department of Cardiology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, PR China; Ethnic Pharmaceutical Institute of Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642;,, Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States Department of Orthopaedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China Department of Ultrasound Beijing Hospital and the 5th Clinical School of Peking University Beijing China The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, , Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of China, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Xi’an, China; Department of Oral Histology and Pathology, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China Dept. of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China. Department of Biochemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology (G.-Y.L., Q.-H.L., R.-R.C., Y.L., S.-S.W., L.-Q.Y., E.-Y.L.), Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central S University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center; NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology , Beijing, China; Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics , Beijing, China 3 Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Trace Chemical Substances Sensing Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China #Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302; Institute of Food Quality Safety and Detection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Monitoring and Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, People’s Republic of China Shanghai Affinity Bio-Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China; Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Bioengineering, Ultrasound and Optical Imaging Laboratory, Arlington, 500 UTA Boulevard, Texas 76010, United StatesbUniversity of Texas at Arlington and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dal Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China Key Laboratory of Non-Destructive Testing, Ministry of Education, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China. Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China Ethnic Pharmaceutical Institute, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China CAAS/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics (Beijing), Biotechnology Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China Department of Neurology Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital Suzhou China Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics Technische Universität Dresden Hermann‐Krone‐Bau, Nöthnitzer Str. 61 01187 Dresden Germany Department of Orthopaedics West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu China Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, People’s Republic of China Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Afiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Xiamen University, Xiame, China Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceuticals and Equipments of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics School of Pharmacy Chengdu University Chengdu City Sichuan Province P.R. China Department of General Surgery Zhujiang Hospital of Nanfang Medical University No 253 Industrial Avenue Haizhu District of Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 501282 China Authors' Affiliations: Departments of 1Surgery, 2Public Health Sciences, and 3Statistics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital College of Stomatology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology Shanghai China; Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China Department of Spine Surgery School of Medicine Honghui Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China; Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Faculty, Department of Neurology, Tianjin Haihe Hospital , Tianjin China . Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China Department of Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia Institutes of Metabolism and Endocrinology (Y.L., R.-R.C., L.-Q.Y.) College of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China Genemo Inc., San Diego, CA 92121; Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Sexual Health Research Center, Central South University, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410013, China Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantan Hospital, Catpital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, PR China 3Biomarkers, Chinese Health Service Management Department; West China Hospital of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041; China Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province‐State Key Laboratory Breeding Base Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro‐product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing P. R. China Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE); School of Environmental Science and Technology; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 116024; China School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China Orthopedics Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan, China Department of Physics and TcSUH; University of Houston; Houston, USA Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China. liuyuanlwc@126.com Department of Rheumatology the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College Baotou China Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning; The Fourth Ward of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou Department of Infectious Disease, Nanjing Second Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China grid.413109.e 0000000097356249 National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology Tianjin University of Science and Technology 300457 Tianjin People’s Republic of China; grid.413109.e 0000000097356249 Tianjin Engineering Lab of Efficient and Green Amino Acid Manufacture Tianjin University of Science and Technology 300457 Tianjin People’s Republic of China; grid.413109.e 0000000097356249 Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education Tianjin University of Science and Technology 300457 Tianjin People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security of Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China. 1Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.; 3Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas. Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, People's Republic of China AML Department of Engineering Mechanics Center for Flexible Electronics Technology Center for Mechanics and Materials Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China Center of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China Joint Institute for Computational Sciences University of Tennessee – Oak Ridge National Laboratory (JICS UT – ORNL), DELSA Global Oak Ridge, TN USA Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA Department of Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Hebei Eye Hospital, Xingtai 054000, Hebei Province, China Beijing Youan Hospital , Capital Medical University , Beijing , China Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Yueyang, Yueyang, Hunan, China. Department of Special Medicine, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China. School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou 730070 , China Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University , Atlanta, GA , USA Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China. Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution; Beijing Forestry University; Beijing 100083; P. R. China Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China;; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics Health Cancer Center UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA; Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Life Sciences and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 China Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center and UF Genetics Institute, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada. Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.; Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education College of Life Science South China Normal University Guangzhou China Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.; Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China. Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Yishui, Shandong, China; Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Yishui, Shandong, China Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing China Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland) Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China; College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases Department of Oral Histology and Pathology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China Medical College, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang, China. Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Institute of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, People’s Republic of China Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; and Department of Spine, Honghui-Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Xi’an 710032,China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Department of Neurology, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, 215200, China Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Epithelial Pathobiology Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322 Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Life Sciences Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 China; Department of Chemistry Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics Center for Research at Bio/nano Interface UF Health Cancer Center UF Genetics Institute University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City 110004, China National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China; Sensory Evaluation and Quality Analysis Centre of Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 35 St George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 1A4 Canada Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Endoscopy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Straße 61, 01187 Dresden, Germany Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University Shanghai China Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 210096 Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Nanomaterial and Smart Sensor Research Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing (PHOENIX Center), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore; Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China Key Laboratory of Advanced Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers Technology of Zhejiang Province Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE) Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 P. R. China Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, China. Orthopedics Research Institute Department of Orthopedics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China School of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Cytogenetics Institute Nanjing Agricultural University/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Nanjing Jiangsu 210095 China Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU) /Biotechnology Research Center, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence; Aging Institute; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014010, P.R. China Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and §California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States Department of Chemistry and Physiology and Functional Genomics; Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface; Health Cancer Center; University of Florida; Gainesville State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta Georgia; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Emory University Atlanta Georgia; Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical Sciences Shandong University Jinan China Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450000 China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou510006, China Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China. Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan 750004, China. Tianjin University,Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine,Tianjin,China,300072 Department of Molecular Profiling (Y.L., S.C., P.H., R.P.), Rosetta Inpharmatics LLC, Seattle, Washington 98109 Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 P. R. China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710061 P. R. China The State Key Laboratory for Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu P. R. China Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University Atlanta Georgia South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan Province China Department of Cardiology, Vascular Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; and Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, No. 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200233, China Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China Chemistry Department, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China, and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200003, China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural University Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2 Beijing 100193 China Department of Pathology and Hepatology, Beijing 302 Hospital, 100 Xi Si Huan Middle Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100039, China Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People’s Hospital, Shanghai 201200, China Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Florida State University Tallahassee Florida USA State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Oncology Xiangyang Central Hospital Hubei University of Arts and Science No.136, Jingzhou Road Xiangyang 441000 China Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200125, China Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China Anhui Province Key Labrotory of Resource and Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, Anhui, China. School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P.R. China Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta Georgia USA; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia USA State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS) School of life sciences Nanjing University Jiangsu China College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites and §Changzhou Institute of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China Department of Bioinformatics, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania *Epithelial Pathobiology Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 1 Laboratory of Cardiovascular research, CRP-Santé, Luxembourg L-1150, Luxembourg and 2Bioinformatics Center, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States; Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource at Winship Cancer Institute Atlanta Georgia Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of JiNan University Guangzhou 510630 China Department of Oral Histology and Pathology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China Department of Endoscopy Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Shanghai China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013; P. R. China Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of China Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University Kaifeng Henan Province 475004 P. R. China Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China; Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and West Medicine, Guangzhou, China Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, Centre for Cardiac Intensive Care, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China School of Public Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China Ethnic Pharmaceutical Institute, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China. School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute of Environmental Health, No. 7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China Synthetic & Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China; College of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; and Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Henan University Kaifeng Henan Province 475004 P. R. China College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou; China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparation Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource at Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University Atlanta Georgia Authors' Affiliations: Departments of 1Surgery, 2Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, and 3Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 4Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas. Department of Clinical Nutrition West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200125, China University of Science and Technology of China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, , Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; Graduated University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China School of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China Business School, Jinling University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211199, China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University 201804 Shanghai P. R. China Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia Department of Cardiology Vascular Center Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou China Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Emory University Atlanta GA USA Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Department of Biology Georgia State University Atlanta GA USA School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China. Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China The National Field Station of Freshwater Ecosystem of Liangzi Lake, College of Life Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.; Department of Oral Histology and Pathology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and 3California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China Departments of Immunology and Microbial Sciences and §Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Julia K. Veitinger is with the Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA. Alice S. Kerber, Sheryl G. A. Gabram-Mendola, Lynn M. Durham, and Cindy Snyder are with the Georgia Center for Oncology Research and Education, Atlanta. Yuan Liu is with the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health & Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University. Diane Durrence, Alissa K. Berzen, and Janet Y. Shin are with the Georgia... Departments of Physics, College of Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People’s Republic of China Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics and Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen (F.G., Y.X., Y.L., J.W.), Shenzhen 518083, China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023 China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou 510006 China Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tangdu Hospital, Xi'an 710038, China. Department of Clinical Laboratory Huadong Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and; National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; and Biofilm Research Laboratories, Levy Center for Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States,; Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Department of Rehabilitation Center,China,400014 Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, PR China 1Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.; 3Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resoures of Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832000; China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China Department of Rheumatology, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China; Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China Evidence‐Based Nursing Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea; Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry Education; Department of Pharmacy; Hainan University; Haikou 570228 Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P.R. China Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States; Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China Department of Ophthalmology, Zibo Kangming Ophthalmology Hospital, Zibo 255025, Shandong Province, China. Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan, China CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190, P.R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, P.R. China Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Monitoring and Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China Inner Mongolia Medical University Hohhot Inner Mongolia China; The 2nd affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University Hohhot Inner Mongolia China State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China The Second Ward of Oncology Department The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin 150001 China Huajiang Construction Company Limited of China Construction First Group, Beijing 100161, China. Cardiac Rehabilitation Center Department of Rehabilitation Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha Hunan China Nanjing University College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China Department of Applied Mathematics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR, China. Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China Pfizer Oncology La Jolla California University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United StatesbUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450000 China Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangdong Provincial People' Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangdong Guangzhou China Faculty of Health Service, Naval Medical University of The Chinese People's Liberation Army Shanghai, P. R. China. School of Computer Science and Technology; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 116024; China Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwestern China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China Department of Molecular Biology and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and †Department of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States Pfizer Oncology, San Diego, California, USA National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials; Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Southwest Jiaotong University; Chengdu 610031 Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China; Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States; Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; National Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Crop Water Use and Disaster Reduction, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu,China Department of Physics, FM-15, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 Department of Liver Surgery,Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai,China The First Clinical Medicine College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China College of Physical Education & Health East China Normal University Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, ‡School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and §NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at New York University Shanghai, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface; Department of Chemistry; Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics; Health Cancer Center; UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute Department of Oral Histology & Pathology, Qin Du Stomatological College, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China 710032. Pfizer Inc, 235 E. 42nd Street, New York, NY 10017, USA Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA Department of Cardiology, Medical Research Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510081, China. From Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China Biofilm Research Labs, Levy Center for Oral Health, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Chemistry, Brown University 1 , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China Postgraduate Department, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China; Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China Institute of Ethnic Medicine, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Health Cancer Center, McKnight Brain Institute, UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 650 Xin Songjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620, China Biofilm Research Labs, Levy Center for Oral Health, Department of Orthodontics, Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, PR China Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an 311300, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China |
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Total number of triples: 5048.