http://rdf.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubchem/author/MD5_629b186e7cee531264221c55c1a076a2
Outgoing Links
Predicate | Object |
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family-name | Li Nan Li |
name | Nan Li |
given-name | Nan |
organization-name | Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Department of Ultrasound The First Medical Centre Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China School of Foreign Studies South China Normal University Guangzhou China Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, China Electronics and Computer Science & Institute for Life Sciences; University of Southampton; Southampton; UK State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China Chongqing Institute of Graphene, Chongqing, 400714, China Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2 Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , 677 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Pediatrics University of Florida College of Medicine Gainesville Florida The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; and Key Laboratory of Systemic Innovative Research on Virus Vaccine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming 650118, China School of Public Health Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang Hebei Province P. R. China Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences University of Houston Houston TX USA University of Illinois, Estados Unidos Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry National Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology Institute for Advanced Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China Department of Neonatology the First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 China Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University , 308 Ningxia Rd, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Department of Health and Life Sciences , University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 17 Shandong Rd, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Institute of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190, P. R. China Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 Department of Ultrasonography, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China. Children's Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (A.S., R.M.B., S.S.M., F.Z., M.Y.K., I.M.B., M.Z., C.G., A.E.F., A.E., N.L., R.T.A.M., C.W., M.N.-J.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.; Department of Vascular Surgery (A.E.W., R.B.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.; University Hospital, Institute for Pathology (J.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.; Deutschen Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance (A.S., C.W., M.N.-J.).; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Maastricht University, The Netherlands (R.T.A.M.). State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China, and Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Penn State University, 231Q Sackett Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205;; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China b Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes , Jinan University , Guangzhou , 510632 , China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China Neusoft Medical Systems Co. Ltd., Shenyang, 110167. E-mail:li_nan@neusoftmedical.com. Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland) Tianjin Women and Children’s Health Centre, Tianjin, China; Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450014, China Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; Sanya institute of Swine resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya 572000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China Department of Ophthalmology The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University Yanji China School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China Shanghai Runcare Fluid Monitor Co. Ltd, Shanghai 200030, China Department of Digestion, the 309 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100091, China. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science Shandong University Qingdao China Department of Endocrinology, the Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disease, Beijing, China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island Department of Gynecology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. Changchun Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun 130122 China Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas, Houston, Texas.; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas. School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 100081 Beijing, China. Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China. 1Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of “Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment,” Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China New York; Center for Biomedical Reseach, The Population Council New York NY USA College of life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, China. Department of Gastrointestinal Neoplasms Surgery, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of “Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment”, Guangzhou 510095, Guangdong, China Department of General Surgery Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin China Department of Internal Medicine Medical School of Southeast University Dingjia Qiao 87 Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China Department of Radiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Health Informatics Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China 1Tianjin Women’s and Children’s Health Center Tianjin, China CAS Key Laboratory for Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China Department of Clinical, Luohe Medical College Luohe 462002, Henan, P. R. China. Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013,China. Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Center of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing 100853, P.R. China Key Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Environment and Ecology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center Yanbian University Medical College Yanji China; Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province Yanji China Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China. MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Institute of Life and Health Engineering College of Life Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, P. R. China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China School of Pharmacy Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang P. R. China Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China Institute of Military Veterinary Medical Science, Academy of Military Medical Science, Jilin, China; Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Jilin, China Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;; Department of Respiratory Medicine, People’s Hospital Affiliated to ZhengZhou University, ZhengZhou, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China College of Clinical Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU) Xi'an 710062 China College of Stomatology Dalian Medical University Dalian China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Organism Microecology and Disease Control Dalian China Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. linan@immunol.org. bChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Department of Pathophysiology, Ningxia Medical College, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China Shanghai Runcare Fluid Monitor Company Limited, Shanghai 200030, China State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy Sciences), No. 3501 Daxue Rd, Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong Province, P. R. China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, P.R.China 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sealy Center for Cancer Cell Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Department of Gynecologic Oncology National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Cancer Hospital and Cancer Research Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, Guangdong, China Beijing National Research Center for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China Department of Gastrointestinal Neoplasms Surgery Hengzhigang Road 78#, Guangzhou 510095, Guangdong, China. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang - PR China Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China Department of Hepatic Surgery I (Ward I) Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry & Environmental Science; Hebei University; Baoding 071002 Department of Immunology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing China Authors' Affiliations: Departments of 1Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2Pathology, and 3Biochemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham; 4The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham; and 5Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials; College of Physics; Jilin University Changchun 130012; China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China Institute of Advanced Synthesis; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 211816; P. R. China Jiangsu Province Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu Province, China Centre for Health Management and Policy Research School of Public Health Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan China; NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University) Jinan China Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital; Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China Department of Neuromuscular Disease The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University 139# Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang City Hebei Province, 050051 P. R. China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China Department of Oncology & Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China. linan97690612@163.com Division of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China Department of Respiratory Disease, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China. College of Science China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China Department of orthopaedics, Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Carp Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China Ocean University of China Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States; College of Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, People’s Republic of China Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 69 XiJuyuan lane, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China; Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and; Intercollege Graduate Program in Genetics, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033 Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; School of Pharmacy; Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization; Ministry of Education; Ningxia Medical University Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China P. R. China College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China. linan0702@sina.com State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety; Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control; College of Biotechnology; Tianjin University of Science & Technology Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100083, China. Department of Psychology University of Houston Houston Texas USA Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China. †Institute of Immunology and National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China Department of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California 92093-0359, United States Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China 10Department of Hepatic Surgery I (Ward I), Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China. School of Electronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan 410073 China Zhejiang Lab; Zhejiang University CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology; CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190; China School of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China. Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical College, Eastern Liaoning University, Dandong, Liaoning 118003, P.R. China Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China. College of Life and Environmental Science Wenzhou University Wenzhou China Department of Psychology, University of Houston, TX, USA Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China. Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Disease Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, China. GBA Branch of Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Terahertz Quantum Electromagnetics Guangzhou Guangdong 510700 China Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China Department of Pathology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu 233003,China. Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Tianjin Women’s and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin, China Department of Ultrasound, the First Medical Centre Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials; Jilin University; Changchun 130012; People's Republic of China Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China. Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China; Obstetrics & Gynecology Institute of Guangzhou Guangzhou China; The Medical Centre for Critical Pregnant Women in Guangzhou Guangzhou China; Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province Guangzhou China; Key Laboratory for Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Guangzhou China Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Center Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, P. R. China Center of Experimental Teaching for Common Basic Courses, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. National Cycad Germplasm Conservation Center Fairylake Botanical Garden Shenzhen and Chinese Academy of Sciences 160 Xianhu Rd. Liantang Shenzhen 518004 China Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China Emergency Center for Heart, Lung and Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin300387, China Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis TN USA Institute of Chemical Physics; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing 100081; P. R. China Shanghai Jemincare Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China *National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2, United Nations Plaza DC2-1984, United Nations, New York, NY 10017; and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Ansan, Seoul, South Korea Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China Department of Hepatic Surgery I(Ward I) Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Shanghai China Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Henan China Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0359, United States Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co‐Constructed by the Province‐Ministry Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin People's Republic of China; Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin People's Republic of China Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Nanlou Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China 1Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Medical Science, Chongqing 400016, China. Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Oncology Section, The Department of Orthopedics Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China Department of Intensive Care Unit The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China Department of Neurology, The Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS at the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130012, China ACEA Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, CA Institute of Energy, Environment and Economy, Energy Science Building, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Department of Gynecology Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory,Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China Huahong Water Group Co. Ltd., Nanning 530000, China Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Department of Nuclear Medicine Peking University Hospital (Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute) Beijing China Cardiac Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China; Cardiac Department, Teda International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin 300457, PR China Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China Bateson Centre, Firth Court, University of Sheffield 1 , Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN , UK; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield 2 , 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ , UK Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, People’s Republic of China, and College of Engineering and College of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People’s Republic of China Tianjin Women’s and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China; Chronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital Radiation Oncology CHINA The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology Guangzhou University Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Waihuan Xi Road No. 230 Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China Hebei Medical University, School of Public Health, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine Integrated with Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, and Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China Department of Spinal Surgery, the Fourth Teaching Hospital of Peking University (Beijing Jishuitan Hospital), Beijing 100035, China. Department of Cardiology, Xi’an Central Hospital, Xi’an, China BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen 518083 , P. R. China School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore Institute of Nephrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China Department of Pharmacy, Xiangyang Central Hospita, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China Department of Cancer Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute for Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province, China Department of Neurology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing; China Dalian Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Oral Medicine and Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes; School of Textiles; Tianjin Polytechnic University; Tianjin 300387; China Graduate School, Beijing, 100700, China. College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China Institute for Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials College of Physics Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China Department of Plastic Surgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi 830054, China. Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Rm. 16-561, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P. R. China Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy Shanghai East Hospital School of Medicine Tongji University Shanghai China; Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities School of Medicine Tongji University Shanghai China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation Shanghai China Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, P.R. China Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Department of Chemical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520 Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland) 4Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging Kennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore MD USA Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of The Air Force Medical University (Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Genomic Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China. Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121-2, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, United States Lab of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry; Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong 999077 China Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center Nanjing University Nanjing China Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China School of Life Sciences/Center for Genomics and Bio‐computing North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China †Institute of Immunology and National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics; College of Electronic Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparation Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Jilin University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nan Xin Cun, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Department of Infectious Disease; Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University; Shulan International Medical College; Hangzhou 310022; China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, M1C 1A4, Canada Third Cadre Department Chinese People's Liberation Army Chinese People's Liberation Army 401 Hospital Qingdao Shandong China Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL , USA College of Life Science and Technology Guangxi University Nanning China National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Structure Optoeletronics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 Jiangsu P. R. China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, 518060 Shenzhen, China. Fax: +86 75586713951; Tel: +86 75526535432 Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), China Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China Separation Science Institute, the Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an P. R. China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin; PR China Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital of The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland.; The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, PRC Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China Department of Dermatology The 78th group army hospital of Chinese PLA Mudanjiang China The First Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Emergency Department, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011 China. crystalroy@163.com Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China Department of Ophthalmology, Weifang Eye Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University) College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China Department of Pediatrics and Department of Pathology University of Florida Gainesville Florida MRC Centre for Developmental and Biomedical Genetics, Addison Building, Western Bank, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK Leiden Institute of Chemistry; Leiden University; 2300 RA Leiden; The Netherlands Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, Yunnan, China Biological Engineering Department, MIT Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore Department of Intensive Care Units, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, the Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing, China School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, China CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital The Second Military Medical University Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, People’s Republic of China Departments of Anesthesiology The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University , Guangzhou , China Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha 410008; Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Center, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China. 1 State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China Department of Neurology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,China Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China School of Life Sciences North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei China; Center for Genomics and Computational Biology North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei China Department of Radiology; The First Affiliated Hospital; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou; China Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.; Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.; Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada. School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China *State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, China; Advanced Research, L’Oréal Research and Innovation China, Shanghai, China 0 Departments of Ultrasound School of Chemistry and Resources Engineering, Honghe University, Mengzi 661199, China Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; Key Laboratory for Green Technology of Leather Manufacture, China National Light Industry Council, Jinan 250353, China State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu213164, China Department of Invasive Technology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China Department of Epidemiology Brown University School of Public Health Providence Rhode Island Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA Tianjin Women’s and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 Department of Radiation Oncology Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China. Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States Information Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham and 2Drug Discovery and Development Division, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, Alabama, and 3Department of Biochemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China Department of Gynecology Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China. Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China Department of Neuromuscular Disease, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital The Second Military Medical University 225 Changhai Road Shanghai People's Republic of China Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China Psychological, Health and Learning Sciences Department, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai 200032, China Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Polymer Science & Materials, Liaoning Province Engineering Research Centre of High Performance Resins. Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China Shulan Hospital, Hangzhou 310012, China State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology Dairy Research Institute Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd. Shanghai China University of Houston, TX State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Research Institute Tianjin 300392 China State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Sichuan Civil-military Integration Institute, School of National Defence & Technology, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, Sichuan, P. R. China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu P. R. China Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China Department of Gastroenterology the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha Hunan China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer Changsha China State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330047 China Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jing’an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China College of Pharmacy, College of Integrative Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China; Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200438, China. 1Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurology, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China.; 2Department of Neurosurgery, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China. State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology; Department of Biomedical Engineering; School of Medicine; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237; China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0359, United States Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences; University of Houston; Houston TX Department of Chemistry; Xinzhou Teachers University; Xinzhou 034000; China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Xi’an Central Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetics Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research Shanghai China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China 3Tianjin Women’s and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin, China National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai, China Institute for Interdisciplinary Quantum Information Technology, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130052, China Department of Materials Science and Engineering; College of Engineering; Peking University; Beijing 100871; China Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive ResearchCenter for Biomedical ResearchPopulation CouncilNew YorkNew YorkUSA Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Biogen Cambridge Massachusetts USA School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore Department of Ultrasound Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Beijing China Terry Sanford Institute of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 Department of Food Science and Technology The Tokyo University of Fisheries Konan 4, Minato‐ku Tokyo 108 Japan School of Textiles; Tianjin Polytechnic University; Tianjin; P. R. China Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Viral Disease Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Yunnan, People's Republic of China Department of Respiratory Disease and Intensive Care, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, People’s Republic of China; Department of Respiratory Disease and Intensive Care, People’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology; School of Mechatronical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing 100081; China State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan Hubei Province 430072 China Department of Biostatistics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland Tianjin Institute of Urology The 2nd Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States Department of Ultrasound, First Medical Center Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China; School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 200031, PR China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , USA Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China; School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ‡Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California 92093-0359, United States Department of Operating Room, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Department of Pain Medicine and Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Pain Medicine The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School Shenzhen Guangdong China Key Laboratory for Applied Statistics of MOE, School of Mathematics and Statistics Northeast Normal University Changchun China Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie and Analytische Chemie-Elektroanalytik & Sensorik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, No. 96, Guizhou Rd, Heping District, Tianjin, China Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China; Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China Tianjin Women’s and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin, PR China Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME) Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 China Graduate School of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700,China. Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China Chemical Engineering Research Center; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300350; P. R. China Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, and New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Viral Disease Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming 650224, China School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China Department of Physiology, Pathology and Pathophysiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710127; P. R. China Authors' Affiliations: Departments of 1Pharmacology, 2Biochemistry, and 3Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham; 4Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham; 5Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Mathematics, University of Montevallo, Montevallo; 6Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama; and 7Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University of Cairo, Cairo Egypt The University of Windsor Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, , Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada a Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology and the Research Center of Occupational Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China Embryo Engineering Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chong Qing, P.R. China. Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, PR China Fairy Lake Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, New York, USA. Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University Tianjin China Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland) Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center Tianjin China; Chronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory Pennington Biomedical Research Center Baton Rouge Louisiana The Informatic Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100048, China Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics Tianjin Hospital Tianjin China Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, China. Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People’s Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States Department of gastroenterology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China, and Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China . *Corresponding authors, linan@immunol.org. Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis Tennessee College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, P. R. China Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China;; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, PR China; Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Viral Disease Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, China. State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy Materials Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) Xi'an 710072 P. R. China MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University , Guangzhou , China Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Department of Pathology The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang Province People's Republic of China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment (CFSA), Beijing, People's Republic of China. School of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Division of Environmental Science & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore, 119260 State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People’s Republic of China 1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, China. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China. Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry; School of Materials Science and Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237, P. R. China Department of Critical Care Medicine Peking University First Hospital 100034 Beijing China College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China. School of chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; , 639798 Singapore Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine/Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of TCM Resource Industrialization/Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center Xianyang 712083, China. Department of Oncology Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai China; Department of Nuclear Medicine Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Shanghai China Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China National & Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization & Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China Department of Child Health Care Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obsterics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China Daye Public Inspection and Test Center, Daye, 435100 Hubei, China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Univ. of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;; Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Tiangong University Tianjin 300387 China Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China; Liaoning High Performance Resin Engineering Research Center Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Dalian key laboratory of basic research in oral medicine and Department of Oral Pathology College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China Department of Nuclear Medicine; Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology; Shanghai Medical College; Fudan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China Department of Ultrasound First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China School of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology , Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China Reproductive Medicine Center, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi Autonomous Region, 545001, China Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies and ‡Material Science and Technology-6, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China Foot and Ankle Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, P.R.China. Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Department of Oral Pathology, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China Lupos (Canada) Biotechnology Inc.; Toronto; Canada Tianjin Women and Children's Health Centre Tianjin China Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. From the Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, China (B.Z., S.Z., N.L., L.Y., G.Y., X.Z., Y.X.); State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing (Y.Y.); Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational University, Nanjing, China (M.F.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of... State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. Institute of Immunology and National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai; and Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, People’s Republic of China, and College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian Economic Technological Development Zone, Dalian, 116622, People’s Republic of China Department of Nuclear Medicine, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro‐Products Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P. R. China Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, PR China; Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Translational Nuclear Medicine and Precision Protection, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, PR China Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. for the TESTING Study Group School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Robotic Satellite Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guanglin College Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China; Graduate School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China *National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China;; †Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Business, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center (J.L., N.L., W.L., H.L., L.W.), Tianjin 300000, China Center for Genomics and Bio-computing/School of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China From the Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China. School of Chemistry Beihang University Beijing 100191 P. R. China *State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China;; †Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China; Department of Gynecology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Si Chuan University, PR China Department of Ultrasonography, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute; College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Tianjin Women’s and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin, China Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences and Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China Department of Neonatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China Department of PathophysiologyKey Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular DiseaseCollaboration Center for Cardiovascular Translational MedicineNanjing Medical University Nanjing China Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine Jing’an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University Shanghai China School of Biology Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China Department of Radiology; First Affiliated Hospital; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou; China Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States *Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology Shandong University Qingdao China Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China *National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433; and State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research Institute of Primate Translational Medicine Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming Yunnan 650032 China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research Kunming Yunnan 650500 China College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen; P.R. China Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, China Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes; Department of Biomedical Engineering; Jinan University; Guangzhou 510632; China Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China Department of Ultrasound Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Company, Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China for the mAF-App II Trial investigators Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, China Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China College of Urban and Environmental Science,Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China Graduate School of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China. Department of Gastrointestinal Neoplasms Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, Guangdong, China Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China Institute of Life and Health Engineering/National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. The First Affiliated Hospital Jinan University Guangzhou China Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China Shenzhen Fairy Lake Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang325035, PR China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Central Hospital Affiliated To Shenyang Medical College Shenyang China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (NL), Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania Department of Applied Physics and Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China From the Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, and Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China. Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry University of Washington Seattle WA 98195‐2120 USA; Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China University of Florida Department of Pediatrics PO Box 100296 Gainesville FL 32610 Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China 1 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, 2College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China and 3Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China 2Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. Department of Stomatology, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, 3rd Military Medical University, Chongqing, China State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co, Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China Department of Epidemiology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health Chapel Hill NC USA Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, China Population Division, United Nations, 2 UN Plaza-DC2-1914, New York, NY 10017, USA Department of Biological Sciences 1 and 2; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 1 and 2 Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking, China;; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking, China; Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University; Beijing; China 1Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695 USA Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China. China–New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou 510530 , China; Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals , Sanya 572000 , China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University , Jiangmen 529020 , China MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Institute for Advanced Study University of Nanchang Nanchang Jiangxi P. R. China 2Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee. Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing, China Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada, and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700 School of Chemical Engineering & the Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China and Department of Chemistry and Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States Department of Cardiology Shangrao People's Hospital Shangrao China Department of Ophthalmology, Zhengda Guangming Ophthalmology Group Weifang Eye Hospital Weifang China Department of Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China Endoscopy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006 Heilongjiang, China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of ``Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment'', Guangzhou, Guangdong, China Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, Hunan, China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China; Graduate School University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China Department of Gynaecology State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005 China Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College Bengbu, Anhui, P. R. China. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China, Bio-organic synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands Morrison Institute for Population and Resource Studies, Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.; Population Research Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China. The First Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery Tianjin Hospital Tianjin China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China Center of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology Ministry of Education School of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing Institute for Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4 Jianhua Yin, Yifang Han, Yang Deng, Hongwei Zhang, and Guangwen Cao, Second Military Medical University; Nan Li, Jie Xue, Jie Shi, Weixing Guo, Hongyang Wang, and Shuqun Cheng, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine; Academy of Military Medical Sciences; Changchun China The First Hospital of China Medical University Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound Shenyang 110001 China Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Malvern/Horsham, PA, USA; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China Department of Gynaecology, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China Xinyi Farmland Quality and Environmental Protection Station, Xuzhou 221400, China. Department of Physiology, Beijing University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin Insititute of Clinical Evaluation; #88 Yuquan Road Nankai District Tianjin Tianjin China 300193 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning 116001, China Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos; USA Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China nl1m18@soton.ac.uk , shannonwsh@aliyun.com Department of Physiology and Physiopathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing; China Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin, China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang P. R. China Department of General Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; College of Engineering, Peking University; Beijing 100871 China Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;; Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China †Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; and Department of Medical Oncology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China; College of Clinical Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou 545001, China Center for Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu Province China; Department of Endocrinology Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China 1Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California.; 2Department of Neurological Surgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.; 3Sandler Neurosciences Center, University of California, San Francisco, California. Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA Department of Cardiology Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Shenzhen China Department of Biostatistics , Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912 Department of Information Management, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China College of Sciences, Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi′an 710055, People’s Republic of China College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China; Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China 1National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China. Tianjin Women and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin, China National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Shanghai China Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, United States Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Henan University; Kaifeng 475004; P. R. China Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 935# Jiaoling Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, China Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China Advanced Research, L’Oréal Research & Innovation China , 550 Jinyu Road, 201206 Shanghai , China Janssen Global Services, Horsham, PA, USA Clinic Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.; Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China. Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Technology Innovation Center of High Performance Resin Materials, Dalian 116024, China College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China Department of Stomatology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural University Beijing China Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI Leiden Institute of Chemistry and The Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 2 ZhongGuanCun North First Street Beijing 100190 P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10-62653083; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P.R. China Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA CAS Key Laboratory for Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.; Hunan Key Laboratory of Non-resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China. Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary, AMMS Changchun 130122, China School of Business Administration South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Institute of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China, and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Department of Orthopedics, Three Gorges Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China Reproductive Medicine Center, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Liuzhou, 545001, China; Liuzhou Institute of Reproduction and Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Liuzhou, 545001, China; Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Cohort Study in Pregnant Women of Advanced Age, Liuzhou, 545001, China Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Yanbian University, Yanji, China; Department of Pathology & Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Province, China Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control Nanjing Normal University Nanjing China Department of Urology Peking University Third Hospital Beijing 100191 P. R. China; Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology Peking University Third Hospital Beijing 100191 P. R. China 1 BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, 2Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China and 3Medical Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation; Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084; P. R. China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P.R. China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P.R. China; School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P.R. China Neurology,; Sandler Neurosciences Center, and Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery I Tianjin Hospital Tianjin China Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation, and Statistics, University of Houston, 4349 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, 980-8578 Sendai, Japan State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin—Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA Department of Information Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of CM, Hefei 230061; Anhui Acupuncture Clinical Medical Research Center, Hefei 230061. 1Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of “Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment,” Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. 1Institute of Immunology and National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China and Department of Hepatic Surgery I (Ward l), Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China †National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology South China Normal University Guangzhou China Department of Neurology, Jinzhou Central Hospital, Jinzhou, China. Embryo Engineering Laboratory, School of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chong Qing, P.R. China. National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials & Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Henan University; Kaifeng; China Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health; School of Public Health; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang; PR China Department of Ultrasound, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China Jiangsu Province Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China Biotechnology Research Centre Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun 130033 China College of Physical Education Yangzhou University Yangzhou China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong266237, P. R. China; School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong266237, P. R. China Department of Pediatrics University of Florida Gainesville FL Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China; Key Lab of Hearing Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Lab of Hearing Impairment for Prevention and Treatment, Beijing, China Institute of Virology Wenzhou University Wenzhou China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing; People's Republic of China; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Department of Dermatology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland) Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories 999077 Hong Kong Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Science, Norway. Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University No. 225 Changhai Road 200438 Shanghai People’s Republic of China Program in Children’s Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery 1 , 2 , and 3; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine 1 , 2 , and 3; Immunology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030 1 , 2 , and 3; Program in Children’s Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery 1 , 2 , and 3; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine 1 , 2 , and 3; Immunology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030 1 , 2 , and 3; Program in Children’s Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery 1 , 2 , and 3; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine 1 , 2 , and 3; Immunology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030 1 , 2 , and 3 Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, No. 3 Gaobeidian North Rd, 100123, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Department of Oral Biology College of Stomatology Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China Department of Ultrasound, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU) Xi'an 710072 P. R. China Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China. linan100041@cfsa.net.cn The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, , Guangzhou 510630, People’s Republic of China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & High‐Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People’s Republic of China Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA. Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China;; Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China; Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province 130122, China Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China Department of Stomatology Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical School of Jinan University, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China; Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457, Singapore Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, 200433 Shanghai, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Liuzhou 545001, China; Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Cohort Study in Pregnant Women of Advanced Age, Liuzhou 545001, China; Affiliated Maternity Hospital and Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545001, China Key Laboratory Nature Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry Education, Yanbian University Yanji 133002, Jilin, China ; Department of Pathology & Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College Yanji 133002, Jilin, China. China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China Department of Hepatic Surgery I (Ward l),Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital,Shanghai,China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Dioxin Pollution, National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, Beijing 100029, China the Department of Nutritional Science and Toxicology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California. From the Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; the Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China; the Institute of Molecular Immunology, First Military Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; and the Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China. ‡National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Department of Vascular Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. From the Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0359 USA Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, China Nan Li, Xu-Biao Wei, Shu-Qun Cheng, Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Horsham, PA, USA; State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing; Center for Nano Energy Materials; Northwestern Polytechnical University; Xi'an 710072; China Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China Department of Neuromuscular Disease Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University 139 Ziqiang Road Shijiazhuang City Hebei Province 050051 PR China Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center Tianjin China Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China Information Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, the 4th Teaching Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation Nanning Normal University Nanning China Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China Institute of Reproductive and Child Health Chinese National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing; College of Software, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology Peking University Third Hospital No.49 North Garden Road, Haidian 100191 Beijing China CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship; Clayton, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine; Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital; Tongji University School of Medicine National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2, and Bausch & Lomb Inc., 1400 N. Goodman Street, Rochester, New York 14609 2Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China Department of Child, Adolescent and Women's Health, Publichealth School, University, Beijing 100083, China. Center for Synthetic Biology Engineering Research; Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen 518055; China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Environmentally Functional Materials and Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China Brain and Spinal Cord Clinical Research Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China School of Information Technology, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China 1Department of Oncology & Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; 2The Bateson Centre, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China Department of Clinical Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China; Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan China 1Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China and Respiratory Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China. Jiangsu Province Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China Department of Medicine, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. linan.2005@163.com Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Fujian College of TCM, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, China. MR.LINAN@126.com North China University of Science and Technology School of Life Sciences, , Tangshan 063210, China Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital The Second Military Medical University No. 225 Changhai Road 200438 Shanghai China St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee Department of Chinese Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 666, Liuyingxi Road, Changchun, 130122, China Jiangsu Province Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province 213164, China Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA. Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; CAS Key Laboratory for Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology Peking University Third Hospital Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research (N.L., D.D.M., E.I.T., C.Y.C.), Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, New York 10065-6307;; College of Life Sciences and Oceanography (N.L.), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, the 4th Teaching Hospital of Peking University, Beijing; From the Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; and the Institute of Immunology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. College of Life Sciences/Center for Genomics and Bio‐computing North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei China Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Departments of Chinese Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457 Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & High‐Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Biomass Oligosaccharides Engineering Technology Research Center of Anhui Province, Engineering Research Center of Biomass Conversion and Pollution Prevention of Anhui Educational Institutions, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA. Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research,National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health,Bethesda,MD Department of Global Health and Population Harvard School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA Aerospace Institute of Advanced Materials & Processing Technology, Beijing, 100074, China Key laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China; The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong Department of Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 8 Panshan Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States Environmental and Chemical Engineering College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China. goodlinan@163.com Janssen Global Services, LLC, Raritan, New Jersey. Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Institute of Life and Health Engineering Jinan University Guangzhou China Department of Cardiology China‐Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China College of Resources, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Tai’an 271019, China; Shandong Geotechnical Engineering Big Data Intelligent Analysis Technology Characteristic Laboratory, Tai’an 271019, China Changchun Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun China Tarim University, Alaer 843300, Xinjiang, China. †National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai; and Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Cambridge Tennis Court Road Cambridge CB2 1QT UK Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China Innovative Research Center of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Chang’an Campus No. 620, West Chang’an Avenue, Chang’an District, Xi’an 710119, China Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100700, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine from Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100094, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing 100700, China National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,China Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Atherosclerosis Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; and School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China Key Laboratory of Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission , Yanji 133000 , China; Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University , Wenzhou 325035 , China Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi China; The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi China Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China. Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China Laboratory of Epidemiology and Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, China Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China Pharmaceutical Analysis Center of Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 79 Duolun Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300020, China Department of Pathology at No. 4 Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, People's Hospital, Pecking University, Beijing, 100044, PR China. Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, People’s Republic of China Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science; Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital Department of Cardiology Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Shenzhen China National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore; State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, Shaanxi, P. R. China; Institute of Materials Science and New Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, Shaanxi, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education (Nanning Normal University) Nanning China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, PR China Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China; Laboratory of Pharmacology of TCM Formulae Co‐Constructed by the Province‐Ministry Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China; Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 28 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China School of Chemistry Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Department of Pediatrics USA Department of Oral Pathology College of Stomatology Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China Institute for Biomass and Function Materials & National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, College of Bioresources Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Yale University, P.O. Box 208284, New Haven, Connecticut 06520 Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China. Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China. Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130122, China. Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian, Beijing, China. College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Center of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing, China National & local Joint engineering research center of High-throughput drug screening technology State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Hubei Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine College of Health Science and Engineering Hubei University Wuhan 430062 China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China; The First Hospital of Qiqihar City, Qiqihar, China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital,Tianjin,China Operating Center The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China College of Chemistry Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Department of Ophthalmology Weifang Eye Hospital Weifang Shandong China Authors' Affiliations: Departments of 1Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, 2Pharmacology and Toxicology, and 3Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham; 4Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham; 5Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile; 6Department of Biology, Chemistry and Mathematics, University of Montevallo, Montevallo; 7Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt; 8INCELL, San Antonio, Texas; and 9Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Hematology Center, National Center for Children`s Health, Beijing Children`s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China Portland State University 1 Physics Department, , P.O. Box 751, Portland, Oregon 97207, USA Lab of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China Department of Chinese Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001,China Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2, and Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tianjin Third Central Hospital Tianjin China Department of Orthopaedics, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, China. d_linch@163.com Union School of Public Health, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China. CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China, No.11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, China Key Laboratory of Cardio‐Cerebro‐Vascular Diseases Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan Ningxia China; Basic Medical School Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan Ningxia 750004 China Department of Ultrasound, First Medical Center Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Beijing China Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin 130021, China Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States Department of Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China. Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resource and Eco‐Environment of the Ministry of Education College of Life Sciences Sichuan University Chengdu 610014 China |
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